Exceptions should propagate inside the logical stack, which can consist
of multiple wasm stack segments. When the outermost frame of the current
segment is reached, pick up the parent stack and continue the search
from there, and update the state to reflect the implicit stack switch.

Drive-by: cleanups.

R=ahaas@chromium.org
CC=​fgm@chromium.org

Bug: v8:12191, v8:12960
Change-Id: Ia5cb39a6ae197fb68e635f986952419dc43c7b98
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/v8/v8/+/3695376Reviewed-by: Jakob Kummerow <jkummerow@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Haas <ahaas@chromium.org>
Commit-Queue: Thibaud Michaud <thibaudm@chromium.org>
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/main@{#81208}