SourceTextModule::ExecuteAsyncModule asserts the execution of
the module's async function to succeed without exception. However,
the problem is that TerminateExecution initiated by embedders is
breaking that assumption. The execution can be terminated with an
exception and the exception is not catchable by JavaScript.

The uncatchable exceptions during the async module evaluation need
to be raised to the embedder and not crash the process if possible.

Refs: https://github.com/nodejs/node/issues/43182

Change-Id: Ifc152428b95945b6b49a2f70ba35018cfc0ce40b
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/v8/v8/+/3696493Reviewed-by: Camillo Bruni <cbruni@chromium.org>
Commit-Queue: Chengzhong Wu <legendecas@gmail.com>
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/main@{#81307}