test-assembler-mips.cc

// Copyright 2012 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
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#include "v8.h"

#include "disassembler.h"
#include "factory.h"
#include "macro-assembler.h"
#include "mips/macro-assembler-mips.h"
#include "mips/simulator-mips.h"

#include "cctest.h"

using namespace v8::internal;


// Define these function prototypes to match JSEntryFunction in execution.cc.
typedef Object* (*F1)(int x, int p1, int p2, int p3, int p4);
typedef Object* (*F2)(int x, int y, int p2, int p3, int p4);
typedef Object* (*F3)(void* p, int p1, int p2, int p3, int p4);


static v8::Persistent<v8::Context> env;


static void InitializeVM() {
  // Disable compilation of natives.
  FLAG_disable_native_files = true;

  if (env.IsEmpty()) {
    env = v8::Context::New();
  }
}


#define __ assm.


TEST(MIPS0) {
  InitializeVM();
  v8::HandleScope scope;

  MacroAssembler assm(Isolate::Current(), NULL, 0);

  // Addition.
  __ addu(v0, a0, a1);
  __ jr(ra);
  __ nop();

  CodeDesc desc;
  assm.GetCode(&desc);
  Object* code = HEAP->CreateCode(
      desc,
      Code::ComputeFlags(Code::STUB),
      Handle<Object>(HEAP->undefined_value()))->ToObjectChecked();
  CHECK(code->IsCode());
  F2 f = FUNCTION_CAST<F2>(Code::cast(code)->entry());
  int res = reinterpret_cast<int>(CALL_GENERATED_CODE(f, 0xab0, 0xc, 0, 0, 0));
  ::printf("f() = %d\n", res);
  CHECK_EQ(0xabc, res);
}


TEST(MIPS1) {
  InitializeVM();
  v8::HandleScope scope;

  MacroAssembler assm(Isolate::Current(), NULL, 0);
  Label L, C;

  __ mov(a1, a0);
  __ li(v0, 0);
  __ b(&C);
  __ nop();

  __ bind(&L);
  __ addu(v0, v0, a1);
  __ addiu(a1, a1, -1);

  __ bind(&C);
  __ xori(v1, a1, 0);
  __ Branch(&L, ne, v1, Operand(0));
  __ nop();

  __ jr(ra);
  __ nop();

  CodeDesc desc;
  assm.GetCode(&desc);
  Object* code = HEAP->CreateCode(
      desc,
      Code::ComputeFlags(Code::STUB),
      Handle<Object>(HEAP->undefined_value()))->ToObjectChecked();
  CHECK(code->IsCode());
  F1 f = FUNCTION_CAST<F1>(Code::cast(code)->entry());
  int res = reinterpret_cast<int>(CALL_GENERATED_CODE(f, 50, 0, 0, 0, 0));
  ::printf("f() = %d\n", res);
  CHECK_EQ(1275, res);
}


TEST(MIPS2) {
  InitializeVM();
  v8::HandleScope scope;

  MacroAssembler assm(Isolate::Current(), NULL, 0);

  Label exit, error;

  // ----- Test all instructions.

  // Test lui, ori, and addiu, used in the li pseudo-instruction.
  // This way we can then safely load registers with chosen values.

  __ ori(t0, zero_reg, 0);
  __ lui(t0, 0x1234);
  __ ori(t0, t0, 0);
  __ ori(t0, t0, 0x0f0f);
  __ ori(t0, t0, 0xf0f0);
  __ addiu(t1, t0, 1);
  __ addiu(t2, t1, -0x10);

  // Load values in temporary registers.
  __ li(t0, 0x00000004);
  __ li(t1, 0x00001234);
  __ li(t2, 0x12345678);
  __ li(t3, 0x7fffffff);
  __ li(t4, 0xfffffffc);
  __ li(t5, 0xffffedcc);
  __ li(t6, 0xedcba988);
  __ li(t7, 0x80000000);

  // SPECIAL class.
  __ srl(v0, t2, 8);    // 0x00123456
  __ sll(v0, v0, 11);   // 0x91a2b000
  __ sra(v0, v0, 3);    // 0xf2345600
  __ srav(v0, v0, t0);  // 0xff234560
  __ sllv(v0, v0, t0);  // 0xf2345600
  __ srlv(v0, v0, t0);  // 0x0f234560
  __ Branch(&error, ne, v0, Operand(0x0f234560));
  __ nop();

  __ addu(v0, t0, t1);   // 0x00001238
  __ subu(v0, v0, t0);  // 0x00001234
  __ Branch(&error, ne, v0, Operand(0x00001234));
  __ nop();
  __ addu(v1, t3, t0);
  __ Branch(&error, ne, v1, Operand(0x80000003));
  __ nop();
  __ subu(v1, t7, t0);  // 0x7ffffffc
  __ Branch(&error, ne, v1, Operand(0x7ffffffc));
  __ nop();

  __ and_(v0, t1, t2);  // 0x00001230
  __ or_(v0, v0, t1);   // 0x00001234
  __ xor_(v0, v0, t2);  // 0x1234444c
  __ nor(v0, v0, t2);   // 0xedcba987
  __ Branch(&error, ne, v0, Operand(0xedcba983));
  __ nop();

  __ slt(v0, t7, t3);
  __ Branch(&error, ne, v0, Operand(0x1));
  __ nop();
  __ sltu(v0, t7, t3);
  __ Branch(&error, ne, v0, Operand(0x0));
  __ nop();
  // End of SPECIAL class.

  __ addiu(v0, zero_reg, 0x7421);  // 0x00007421
  __ addiu(v0, v0, -0x1);  // 0x00007420
  __ addiu(v0, v0, -0x20);  // 0x00007400
  __ Branch(&error, ne, v0, Operand(0x00007400));
  __ nop();
  __ addiu(v1, t3, 0x1);  // 0x80000000
  __ Branch(&error, ne, v1, Operand(0x80000000));
  __ nop();

  __ slti(v0, t1, 0x00002000);  // 0x1
  __ slti(v0, v0, 0xffff8000);  // 0x0
  __ Branch(&error, ne, v0, Operand(0x0));
  __ nop();
  __ sltiu(v0, t1, 0x00002000);  // 0x1
  __ sltiu(v0, v0, 0x00008000);  // 0x1
  __ Branch(&error, ne, v0, Operand(0x1));
  __ nop();

  __ andi(v0, t1, 0xf0f0);  // 0x00001030
  __ ori(v0, v0, 0x8a00);  // 0x00009a30
  __ xori(v0, v0, 0x83cc);  // 0x000019fc
  __ Branch(&error, ne, v0, Operand(0x000019fc));
  __ nop();
  __ lui(v1, 0x8123);  // 0x81230000
  __ Branch(&error, ne, v1, Operand(0x81230000));
  __ nop();

  // Bit twiddling instructions & conditional moves.
  // Uses t0-t7 as set above.
  __ Clz(v0, t0);       // 29
  __ Clz(v1, t1);       // 19
  __ addu(v0, v0, v1);  // 48
  __ Clz(v1, t2);       // 3
  __ addu(v0, v0, v1);  // 51
  __ Clz(v1, t7);       // 0
  __ addu(v0, v0, v1);  // 51
  __ Branch(&error, ne, v0, Operand(51));
  __ Movn(a0, t3, t0);  // Move a0<-t3 (t0 is NOT 0).
  __ Ins(a0, t1, 12, 8);  // 0x7ff34fff
  __ Branch(&error, ne, a0, Operand(0x7ff34fff));
  __ Movz(a0, t6, t7);    // a0 not updated (t7 is NOT 0).
  __ Ext(a1, a0, 8, 12);  // 0x34f
  __ Branch(&error, ne, a1, Operand(0x34f));
  __ Movz(a0, t6, v1);    // a0<-t6, v0 is 0, from 8 instr back.
  __ Branch(&error, ne, a0, Operand(t6));

  // Everything was correctly executed. Load the expected result.
  __ li(v0, 0x31415926);
  __ b(&exit);
  __ nop();

  __ bind(&error);
  // Got an error. Return a wrong result.
  __ li(v0, 666);

  __ bind(&exit);
  __ jr(ra);
  __ nop();

  CodeDesc desc;
  assm.GetCode(&desc);
  Object* code = HEAP->CreateCode(
      desc,
      Code::ComputeFlags(Code::STUB),
      Handle<Object>(HEAP->undefined_value()))->ToObjectChecked();
  CHECK(code->IsCode());
  F2 f = FUNCTION_CAST<F2>(Code::cast(code)->entry());
  int res = reinterpret_cast<int>(CALL_GENERATED_CODE(f, 0xab0, 0xc, 0, 0, 0));
  ::printf("f() = %d\n", res);
  CHECK_EQ(0x31415926, res);
}


TEST(MIPS3) {
  // Test floating point instructions.
  InitializeVM();
  v8::HandleScope scope;

  typedef struct {
    double a;
    double b;
    double c;
    double d;
    double e;
    double f;
    double g;
    double h;
    double i;
  } T;
  T t;

  // Create a function that accepts &t, and loads, manipulates, and stores
  // the doubles t.a ... t.f.
  MacroAssembler assm(Isolate::Current(), NULL, 0);
  Label L, C;

  if (CpuFeatures::IsSupported(FPU)) {
    CpuFeatures::Scope scope(FPU);

    __ ldc1(f4, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, a)) );
    __ ldc1(f6, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, b)) );
    __ add_d(f8, f4, f6);
    __ sdc1(f8, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, c)) );  // c = a + b.

    __ mov_d(f10, f8);  // c
    __ neg_d(f12, f6);  // -b
    __ sub_d(f10, f10, f12);
    __ sdc1(f10, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, d)) );  // d = c - (-b).

    __ sdc1(f4, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, b)) );   // b = a.

    __ li(t0, 120);
    __ mtc1(t0, f14);
    __ cvt_d_w(f14, f14);   // f14 = 120.0.
    __ mul_d(f10, f10, f14);
    __ sdc1(f10, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, e)) );  // e = d * 120 = 1.8066e16.

    __ div_d(f12, f10, f4);
    __ sdc1(f12, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, f)) );  // f = e / a = 120.44.

    __ sqrt_d(f14, f12);
    __ sdc1(f14, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, g)) );
    // g = sqrt(f) = 10.97451593465515908537

  if (kArchVariant == kMips32r2) {
    __ ldc1(f4, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, h)) );
    __ ldc1(f6, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, i)) );
    __ madd_d(f14, f6, f4, f6);
    __ sdc1(f14, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, h)) );
  }

    __ jr(ra);
    __ nop();

    CodeDesc desc;
    assm.GetCode(&desc);
    Object* code = HEAP->CreateCode(
        desc,
        Code::ComputeFlags(Code::STUB),
        Handle<Object>(HEAP->undefined_value()))->ToObjectChecked();
    CHECK(code->IsCode());
    F3 f = FUNCTION_CAST<F3>(Code::cast(code)->entry());
    t.a = 1.5e14;
    t.b = 2.75e11;
    t.c = 0.0;
    t.d = 0.0;
    t.e = 0.0;
    t.f = 0.0;
    t.h = 1.5;
    t.i = 2.75;
    Object* dummy = CALL_GENERATED_CODE(f, &t, 0, 0, 0, 0);
    USE(dummy);
    CHECK_EQ(1.5e14, t.a);
    CHECK_EQ(1.5e14, t.b);
    CHECK_EQ(1.50275e14, t.c);
    CHECK_EQ(1.50550e14, t.d);
    CHECK_EQ(1.8066e16, t.e);
    CHECK_EQ(120.44, t.f);
    CHECK_EQ(10.97451593465515908537, t.g);
    CHECK_EQ(6.875, t.h);
  }
}


TEST(MIPS4) {
  // Test moves between floating point and integer registers.
  InitializeVM();
  v8::HandleScope scope;

  typedef struct {
    double a;
    double b;
    double c;
  } T;
  T t;

  Assembler assm(Isolate::Current(), NULL, 0);
  Label L, C;

  if (CpuFeatures::IsSupported(FPU)) {
    CpuFeatures::Scope scope(FPU);

    __ ldc1(f4, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, a)) );
    __ ldc1(f6, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, b)) );

    // Swap f4 and f6, by using four integer registers, t0-t3.
    __ mfc1(t0, f4);
    __ mfc1(t1, f5);
    __ mfc1(t2, f6);
    __ mfc1(t3, f7);

    __ mtc1(t0, f6);
    __ mtc1(t1, f7);
    __ mtc1(t2, f4);
    __ mtc1(t3, f5);

    // Store the swapped f4 and f5 back to memory.
    __ sdc1(f4, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, a)) );
    __ sdc1(f6, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, c)) );

    __ jr(ra);
    __ nop();

    CodeDesc desc;
    assm.GetCode(&desc);
    Object* code = HEAP->CreateCode(
        desc,
        Code::ComputeFlags(Code::STUB),
        Handle<Object>(HEAP->undefined_value()))->ToObjectChecked();
    CHECK(code->IsCode());
    F3 f = FUNCTION_CAST<F3>(Code::cast(code)->entry());
    t.a = 1.5e22;
    t.b = 2.75e11;
    t.c = 17.17;
    Object* dummy = CALL_GENERATED_CODE(f, &t, 0, 0, 0, 0);
    USE(dummy);

    CHECK_EQ(2.75e11, t.a);
    CHECK_EQ(2.75e11, t.b);
    CHECK_EQ(1.5e22, t.c);
  }
}


TEST(MIPS5) {
  // Test conversions between doubles and integers.
  InitializeVM();
  v8::HandleScope scope;

  typedef struct {
    double a;
    double b;
    int i;
    int j;
  } T;
  T t;

  Assembler assm(Isolate::Current(), NULL, 0);
  Label L, C;

  if (CpuFeatures::IsSupported(FPU)) {
    CpuFeatures::Scope scope(FPU);

    // Load all structure elements to registers.
    __ ldc1(f4, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, a)) );
    __ ldc1(f6, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, b)) );
    __ lw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, i)) );
    __ lw(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, j)) );

    // Convert double in f4 to int in element i.
    __ cvt_w_d(f8, f4);
    __ mfc1(t2, f8);
    __ sw(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, i)) );

    // Convert double in f6 to int in element j.
    __ cvt_w_d(f10, f6);
    __ mfc1(t3, f10);
    __ sw(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, j)) );

    // Convert int in original i (t0) to double in a.
    __ mtc1(t0, f12);
    __ cvt_d_w(f0, f12);
    __ sdc1(f0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, a)) );

    // Convert int in original j (t1) to double in b.
    __ mtc1(t1, f14);
    __ cvt_d_w(f2, f14);
    __ sdc1(f2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, b)) );

    __ jr(ra);
    __ nop();

    CodeDesc desc;
    assm.GetCode(&desc);
    Object* code = HEAP->CreateCode(
        desc,
        Code::ComputeFlags(Code::STUB),
        Handle<Object>(HEAP->undefined_value()))->ToObjectChecked();
    CHECK(code->IsCode());
    F3 f = FUNCTION_CAST<F3>(Code::cast(code)->entry());
    t.a = 1.5e4;
    t.b = 2.75e8;
    t.i = 12345678;
    t.j = -100000;
    Object* dummy = CALL_GENERATED_CODE(f, &t, 0, 0, 0, 0);
    USE(dummy);

    CHECK_EQ(12345678.0, t.a);
    CHECK_EQ(-100000.0, t.b);
    CHECK_EQ(15000, t.i);
    CHECK_EQ(275000000, t.j);
  }
}


TEST(MIPS6) {
  // Test simple memory loads and stores.
  InitializeVM();
  v8::HandleScope scope;

  typedef struct {
    uint32_t ui;
    int32_t si;
    int32_t r1;
    int32_t r2;
    int32_t r3;
    int32_t r4;
    int32_t r5;
    int32_t r6;
  } T;
  T t;

  Assembler assm(Isolate::Current(), NULL, 0);
  Label L, C;

  // Basic word load/store.
  __ lw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, ui)) );
  __ sw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, r1)) );

  // lh with positive data.
  __ lh(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, ui)) );
  __ sw(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, r2)) );

  // lh with negative data.
  __ lh(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, si)) );
  __ sw(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, r3)) );

  // lhu with negative data.
  __ lhu(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, si)) );
  __ sw(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, r4)) );

  // lb with negative data.
  __ lb(t4, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, si)) );
  __ sw(t4, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, r5)) );

  // sh writes only 1/2 of word.
  __ lui(t5, 0x3333);
  __ ori(t5, t5, 0x3333);
  __ sw(t5, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, r6)) );
  __ lhu(t5, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, si)) );
  __ sh(t5, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, r6)) );

  __ jr(ra);
  __ nop();

  CodeDesc desc;
  assm.GetCode(&desc);
  Object* code = HEAP->CreateCode(
      desc,
      Code::ComputeFlags(Code::STUB),
      Handle<Object>(HEAP->undefined_value()))->ToObjectChecked();
  CHECK(code->IsCode());
  F3 f = FUNCTION_CAST<F3>(Code::cast(code)->entry());
  t.ui = 0x11223344;
  t.si = 0x99aabbcc;
  Object* dummy = CALL_GENERATED_CODE(f, &t, 0, 0, 0, 0);
  USE(dummy);

  CHECK_EQ(0x11223344, t.r1);
  CHECK_EQ(0x3344, t.r2);
  CHECK_EQ(0xffffbbcc, t.r3);
  CHECK_EQ(0x0000bbcc, t.r4);
  CHECK_EQ(0xffffffcc, t.r5);
  CHECK_EQ(0x3333bbcc, t.r6);
}


TEST(MIPS7) {
  // Test floating point compare and branch instructions.
  InitializeVM();
  v8::HandleScope scope;

  typedef struct {
    double a;
    double b;
    double c;
    double d;
    double e;
    double f;
    int32_t result;
  } T;
  T t;

  // Create a function that accepts &t, and loads, manipulates, and stores
  // the doubles t.a ... t.f.
  MacroAssembler assm(Isolate::Current(), NULL, 0);
  Label neither_is_nan, less_than, outa_here;

  if (CpuFeatures::IsSupported(FPU)) {
    CpuFeatures::Scope scope(FPU);

    __ ldc1(f4, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, a)) );
    __ ldc1(f6, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, b)) );
    __ c(UN, D, f4, f6);
    __ bc1f(&neither_is_nan);
    __ nop();
    __ sw(zero_reg, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, result)) );
    __ Branch(&outa_here);

    __ bind(&neither_is_nan);

    if (kArchVariant == kLoongson) {
      __ c(OLT, D, f6, f4);
      __ bc1t(&less_than);
    } else {
      __ c(OLT, D, f6, f4, 2);
      __ bc1t(&less_than, 2);
    }
    __ nop();
    __ sw(zero_reg, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, result)) );
    __ Branch(&outa_here);

    __ bind(&less_than);
    __ Addu(t0, zero_reg, Operand(1));
    __ sw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, result)) );  // Set true.


    // This test-case should have additional tests.

    __ bind(&outa_here);

    __ jr(ra);
    __ nop();

    CodeDesc desc;
    assm.GetCode(&desc);
    Object* code = HEAP->CreateCode(
        desc,
        Code::ComputeFlags(Code::STUB),
        Handle<Object>(HEAP->undefined_value()))->ToObjectChecked();
    CHECK(code->IsCode());
    F3 f = FUNCTION_CAST<F3>(Code::cast(code)->entry());
    t.a = 1.5e14;
    t.b = 2.75e11;
    t.c = 2.0;
    t.d = -4.0;
    t.e = 0.0;
    t.f = 0.0;
    t.result = 0;
    Object* dummy = CALL_GENERATED_CODE(f, &t, 0, 0, 0, 0);
    USE(dummy);
    CHECK_EQ(1.5e14, t.a);
    CHECK_EQ(2.75e11, t.b);
    CHECK_EQ(1, t.result);
  }
}


TEST(MIPS8) {
  // Test ROTR and ROTRV instructions.
  InitializeVM();
  v8::HandleScope scope;

  typedef struct {
    int32_t input;
    int32_t result_rotr_4;
    int32_t result_rotr_8;
    int32_t result_rotr_12;
    int32_t result_rotr_16;
    int32_t result_rotr_20;
    int32_t result_rotr_24;
    int32_t result_rotr_28;
    int32_t result_rotrv_4;
    int32_t result_rotrv_8;
    int32_t result_rotrv_12;
    int32_t result_rotrv_16;
    int32_t result_rotrv_20;
    int32_t result_rotrv_24;
    int32_t result_rotrv_28;
  } T;
  T t;

  MacroAssembler assm(Isolate::Current(), NULL, 0);

  // Basic word load.
  __ lw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, input)) );

  // ROTR instruction (called through the Ror macro).
  __ Ror(t1, t0, 0x0004);
  __ Ror(t2, t0, 0x0008);
  __ Ror(t3, t0, 0x000c);
  __ Ror(t4, t0, 0x0010);
  __ Ror(t5, t0, 0x0014);
  __ Ror(t6, t0, 0x0018);
  __ Ror(t7, t0, 0x001c);

  // Basic word store.
  __ sw(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, result_rotr_4)) );
  __ sw(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, result_rotr_8)) );
  __ sw(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, result_rotr_12)) );
  __ sw(t4, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, result_rotr_16)) );
  __ sw(t5, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, result_rotr_20)) );
  __ sw(t6, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, result_rotr_24)) );
  __ sw(t7, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, result_rotr_28)) );

  // ROTRV instruction (called through the Ror macro).
  __ li(t7, 0x0004);
  __ Ror(t1, t0, t7);
  __ li(t7, 0x0008);
  __ Ror(t2, t0, t7);
  __ li(t7, 0x000C);
  __ Ror(t3, t0, t7);
  __ li(t7, 0x0010);
  __ Ror(t4, t0, t7);
  __ li(t7, 0x0014);
  __ Ror(t5, t0, t7);
  __ li(t7, 0x0018);
  __ Ror(t6, t0, t7);
  __ li(t7, 0x001C);
  __ Ror(t7, t0, t7);

  // Basic word store.
  __ sw(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, result_rotrv_4)) );
  __ sw(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, result_rotrv_8)) );
  __ sw(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, result_rotrv_12)) );
  __ sw(t4, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, result_rotrv_16)) );
  __ sw(t5, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, result_rotrv_20)) );
  __ sw(t6, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, result_rotrv_24)) );
  __ sw(t7, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, result_rotrv_28)) );

  __ jr(ra);
  __ nop();

  CodeDesc desc;
  assm.GetCode(&desc);
  Object* code = HEAP->CreateCode(
      desc,
      Code::ComputeFlags(Code::STUB),
      Handle<Object>(HEAP->undefined_value()))->ToObjectChecked();
  CHECK(code->IsCode());
  F3 f = FUNCTION_CAST<F3>(Code::cast(code)->entry());
  t.input = 0x12345678;
  Object* dummy = CALL_GENERATED_CODE(f, &t, 0x0, 0, 0, 0);
  USE(dummy);
  CHECK_EQ(0x81234567, t.result_rotr_4);
  CHECK_EQ(0x78123456, t.result_rotr_8);
  CHECK_EQ(0x67812345, t.result_rotr_12);
  CHECK_EQ(0x56781234, t.result_rotr_16);
  CHECK_EQ(0x45678123, t.result_rotr_20);
  CHECK_EQ(0x34567812, t.result_rotr_24);
  CHECK_EQ(0x23456781, t.result_rotr_28);

  CHECK_EQ(0x81234567, t.result_rotrv_4);
  CHECK_EQ(0x78123456, t.result_rotrv_8);
  CHECK_EQ(0x67812345, t.result_rotrv_12);
  CHECK_EQ(0x56781234, t.result_rotrv_16);
  CHECK_EQ(0x45678123, t.result_rotrv_20);
  CHECK_EQ(0x34567812, t.result_rotrv_24);
  CHECK_EQ(0x23456781, t.result_rotrv_28);
}


TEST(MIPS9) {
  // Test BRANCH improvements.
  InitializeVM();
  v8::HandleScope scope;

  MacroAssembler assm(Isolate::Current(), NULL, 0);
  Label exit, exit2, exit3;

  __ Branch(&exit, ge, a0, Operand(0x00000000));
  __ Branch(&exit2, ge, a0, Operand(0x00001FFF));
  __ Branch(&exit3, ge, a0, Operand(0x0001FFFF));

  __ bind(&exit);
  __ bind(&exit2);
  __ bind(&exit3);
  __ jr(ra);
  __ nop();

  CodeDesc desc;
  assm.GetCode(&desc);
  Object* code = HEAP->CreateCode(
      desc,
      Code::ComputeFlags(Code::STUB),
      Handle<Object>(HEAP->undefined_value()))->ToObjectChecked();
  CHECK(code->IsCode());
}


TEST(MIPS10) {
  // Test conversions between doubles and long integers.
  // Test hos the long ints map to FP regs pairs.
  InitializeVM();
  v8::HandleScope scope;

  typedef struct {
    double a;
    double b;
    int32_t dbl_mant;
    int32_t dbl_exp;
    int32_t long_hi;
    int32_t long_lo;
    int32_t b_long_hi;
    int32_t b_long_lo;
  } T;
  T t;

  Assembler assm(Isolate::Current(), NULL, 0);
  Label L, C;

  if (CpuFeatures::IsSupported(FPU) && kArchVariant == kMips32r2) {
    CpuFeatures::Scope scope(FPU);

    // Load all structure elements to registers.
    __ ldc1(f0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, a)));

    // Save the raw bits of the double.
    __ mfc1(t0, f0);
    __ mfc1(t1, f1);
    __ sw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, dbl_mant)));
    __ sw(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, dbl_exp)));

    // Convert double in f0 to long, save hi/lo parts.
    __ cvt_l_d(f0, f0);
    __ mfc1(t0, f0);  // f0 has LS 32 bits of long.
    __ mfc1(t1, f1);  // f1 has MS 32 bits of long.
    __ sw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, long_lo)));
    __ sw(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, long_hi)));

    // Convert the b long integers to double b.
    __ lw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, b_long_lo)));
    __ lw(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, b_long_hi)));
    __ mtc1(t0, f8);  // f8 has LS 32-bits.
    __ mtc1(t1, f9);  // f9 has MS 32-bits.
    __ cvt_d_l(f10, f8);
    __ sdc1(f10, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, b)));

    __ jr(ra);
    __ nop();

    CodeDesc desc;
    assm.GetCode(&desc);
    Object* code = HEAP->CreateCode(
        desc,
        Code::ComputeFlags(Code::STUB),
        Handle<Object>(HEAP->undefined_value()))->ToObjectChecked();
    CHECK(code->IsCode());
    F3 f = FUNCTION_CAST<F3>(Code::cast(code)->entry());
    t.a = 2.147483647e9;       // 0x7fffffff -> 0x41DFFFFFFFC00000 as double.
    t.b_long_hi = 0x000000ff;  // 0xFF00FF00FF -> 0x426FE01FE01FE000 as double.
    t.b_long_lo = 0x00ff00ff;
    Object* dummy = CALL_GENERATED_CODE(f, &t, 0, 0, 0, 0);
    USE(dummy);

    CHECK_EQ(0x41DFFFFF, t.dbl_exp);
    CHECK_EQ(0xFFC00000, t.dbl_mant);
    CHECK_EQ(0, t.long_hi);
    CHECK_EQ(0x7fffffff, t.long_lo);
    // 0xFF00FF00FF -> 1.095233372415e12.
    CHECK_EQ(1.095233372415e12, t.b);
  }
}


TEST(MIPS11) {
  // Test LWL, LWR, SWL and SWR instructions.
  InitializeVM();
  v8::HandleScope scope;

  typedef struct {
    int32_t reg_init;
    int32_t mem_init;
    int32_t lwl_0;
    int32_t lwl_1;
    int32_t lwl_2;
    int32_t lwl_3;
    int32_t lwr_0;
    int32_t lwr_1;
    int32_t lwr_2;
    int32_t lwr_3;
    int32_t swl_0;
    int32_t swl_1;
    int32_t swl_2;
    int32_t swl_3;
    int32_t swr_0;
    int32_t swr_1;
    int32_t swr_2;
    int32_t swr_3;
  } T;
  T t;

  Assembler assm(Isolate::Current(), NULL, 0);

  // Test all combinations of LWL and vAddr.
  __ lw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, reg_init)) );
  __ lwl(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, mem_init)) );
  __ sw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, lwl_0)) );

  __ lw(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, reg_init)) );
  __ lwl(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, mem_init) + 1) );
  __ sw(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, lwl_1)) );

  __ lw(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, reg_init)) );
  __ lwl(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, mem_init) + 2) );
  __ sw(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, lwl_2)) );

  __ lw(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, reg_init)) );
  __ lwl(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, mem_init) + 3) );
  __ sw(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, lwl_3)) );

  // Test all combinations of LWR and vAddr.
  __ lw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, reg_init)) );
  __ lwr(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, mem_init)) );
  __ sw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, lwr_0)) );

  __ lw(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, reg_init)) );
  __ lwr(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, mem_init) + 1) );
  __ sw(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, lwr_1)) );

  __ lw(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, reg_init)) );
  __ lwr(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, mem_init) + 2) );
  __ sw(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, lwr_2)) );

  __ lw(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, reg_init)) );
  __ lwr(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, mem_init) + 3) );
  __ sw(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, lwr_3)) );

  // Test all combinations of SWL and vAddr.
  __ lw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, mem_init)) );
  __ sw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, swl_0)) );
  __ lw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, reg_init)) );
  __ swl(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, swl_0)) );

  __ lw(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, mem_init)) );
  __ sw(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, swl_1)) );
  __ lw(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, reg_init)) );
  __ swl(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, swl_1) + 1) );

  __ lw(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, mem_init)) );
  __ sw(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, swl_2)) );
  __ lw(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, reg_init)) );
  __ swl(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, swl_2) + 2) );

  __ lw(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, mem_init)) );
  __ sw(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, swl_3)) );
  __ lw(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, reg_init)) );
  __ swl(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, swl_3) + 3) );

  // Test all combinations of SWR and vAddr.
  __ lw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, mem_init)) );
  __ sw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, swr_0)) );
  __ lw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, reg_init)) );
  __ swr(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, swr_0)) );

  __ lw(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, mem_init)) );
  __ sw(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, swr_1)) );
  __ lw(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, reg_init)) );
  __ swr(t1, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, swr_1) + 1) );

  __ lw(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, mem_init)) );
  __ sw(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, swr_2)) );
  __ lw(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, reg_init)) );
  __ swr(t2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, swr_2) + 2) );

  __ lw(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, mem_init)) );
  __ sw(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, swr_3)) );
  __ lw(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, reg_init)) );
  __ swr(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, swr_3) + 3) );

  __ jr(ra);
  __ nop();

  CodeDesc desc;
  assm.GetCode(&desc);
  Object* code = HEAP->CreateCode(
      desc,
      Code::ComputeFlags(Code::STUB),
      Handle<Object>(HEAP->undefined_value()))->ToObjectChecked();
  CHECK(code->IsCode());
  F3 f = FUNCTION_CAST<F3>(Code::cast(code)->entry());
  t.reg_init = 0xaabbccdd;
  t.mem_init = 0x11223344;

  Object* dummy = CALL_GENERATED_CODE(f, &t, 0, 0, 0, 0);
  USE(dummy);

  CHECK_EQ(0x44bbccdd, t.lwl_0);
  CHECK_EQ(0x3344ccdd, t.lwl_1);
  CHECK_EQ(0x223344dd, t.lwl_2);
  CHECK_EQ(0x11223344, t.lwl_3);

  CHECK_EQ(0x11223344, t.lwr_0);
  CHECK_EQ(0xaa112233, t.lwr_1);
  CHECK_EQ(0xaabb1122, t.lwr_2);
  CHECK_EQ(0xaabbcc11, t.lwr_3);

  CHECK_EQ(0x112233aa, t.swl_0);
  CHECK_EQ(0x1122aabb, t.swl_1);
  CHECK_EQ(0x11aabbcc, t.swl_2);
  CHECK_EQ(0xaabbccdd, t.swl_3);

  CHECK_EQ(0xaabbccdd, t.swr_0);
  CHECK_EQ(0xbbccdd44, t.swr_1);
  CHECK_EQ(0xccdd3344, t.swr_2);
  CHECK_EQ(0xdd223344, t.swr_3);
}


TEST(MIPS12) {
  InitializeVM();
  v8::HandleScope scope;

  typedef struct {
      int32_t  x;
      int32_t  y;
      int32_t  y1;
      int32_t  y2;
      int32_t  y3;
      int32_t  y4;
  } T;
  T t;

  MacroAssembler assm(Isolate::Current(), NULL, 0);

  __ mov(t6, fp);  // Save frame pointer.
  __ mov(fp, a0);  // Access struct T by fp.
  __ lw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, y)) );
  __ lw(t3, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, y4)) );

  __ addu(t1, t0, t3);
  __ subu(t4, t0, t3);
  __ nop();
  __ push(t0);  // These instructions disappear after opt.
  __ Pop();
  __ addu(t0, t0, t0);
  __ nop();
  __ Pop();     // These instructions disappear after opt.
  __ push(t3);
  __ nop();
  __ push(t3);  // These instructions disappear after opt.
  __ pop(t3);
  __ nop();
  __ push(t3);
  __ pop(t4);
  __ nop();
  __ sw(t0, MemOperand(fp, OFFSET_OF(T, y)) );
  __ lw(t0, MemOperand(fp, OFFSET_OF(T, y)) );
  __ nop();
  __ sw(t0, MemOperand(fp, OFFSET_OF(T, y)) );
  __ lw(t1, MemOperand(fp, OFFSET_OF(T, y)) );
  __ nop();
  __ push(t1);
  __ lw(t1, MemOperand(fp, OFFSET_OF(T, y)) );
  __ pop(t1);
  __ nop();
  __ push(t1);
  __ lw(t2, MemOperand(fp, OFFSET_OF(T, y)) );
  __ pop(t1);
  __ nop();
  __ push(t1);
  __ lw(t2, MemOperand(fp, OFFSET_OF(T, y)) );
  __ pop(t2);
  __ nop();
  __ push(t2);
  __ lw(t2, MemOperand(fp, OFFSET_OF(T, y)) );
  __ pop(t1);
  __ nop();
  __ push(t1);
  __ lw(t2, MemOperand(fp, OFFSET_OF(T, y)) );
  __ pop(t3);
  __ nop();

  __ mov(fp, t6);
  __ jr(ra);
  __ nop();

  CodeDesc desc;
  assm.GetCode(&desc);
  Object* code = HEAP->CreateCode(
      desc,
      Code::ComputeFlags(Code::STUB),
      Handle<Object>(HEAP->undefined_value()))->ToObjectChecked();
  CHECK(code->IsCode());
  F3 f = FUNCTION_CAST<F3>(Code::cast(code)->entry());
  t.x = 1;
  t.y = 2;
  t.y1 = 3;
  t.y2 = 4;
  t.y3 = 0XBABA;
  t.y4 = 0xDEDA;

  Object* dummy = CALL_GENERATED_CODE(f, &t, 0, 0, 0, 0);
  USE(dummy);

  CHECK_EQ(3, t.y1);
}


TEST(MIPS13) {
  // Test Cvt_d_uw and Trunc_uw_d macros.
  InitializeVM();
  v8::HandleScope scope;

  typedef struct {
    double cvt_big_out;
    double cvt_small_out;
    uint32_t trunc_big_out;
    uint32_t trunc_small_out;
    uint32_t cvt_big_in;
    uint32_t cvt_small_in;
  } T;
  T t;

  MacroAssembler assm(Isolate::Current(), NULL, 0);

  if (CpuFeatures::IsSupported(FPU)) {
    CpuFeatures::Scope scope(FPU);

    __ sw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, cvt_small_in)));
    __ Cvt_d_uw(f10, t0, f22);
    __ sdc1(f10, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, cvt_small_out)));

    __ Trunc_uw_d(f10, f10, f22);
    __ swc1(f10, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, trunc_small_out)));

    __ sw(t0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, cvt_big_in)));
    __ Cvt_d_uw(f8, t0, f22);
    __ sdc1(f8, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, cvt_big_out)));

    __ Trunc_uw_d(f8, f8, f22);
    __ swc1(f8, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, trunc_big_out)));

    __ jr(ra);
    __ nop();

    CodeDesc desc;
    assm.GetCode(&desc);
    Object* code = HEAP->CreateCode(
        desc,
        Code::ComputeFlags(Code::STUB),
        Handle<Object>(HEAP->undefined_value()))->ToObjectChecked();
    CHECK(code->IsCode());
    F3 f = FUNCTION_CAST<F3>(Code::cast(code)->entry());

    t.cvt_big_in = 0xFFFFFFFF;
    t.cvt_small_in  = 333;

    Object* dummy = CALL_GENERATED_CODE(f, &t, 0, 0, 0, 0);
    USE(dummy);

    CHECK_EQ(t.cvt_big_out, static_cast<double>(t.cvt_big_in));
    CHECK_EQ(t.cvt_small_out, static_cast<double>(t.cvt_small_in));

    CHECK_EQ(static_cast<int>(t.trunc_big_out), static_cast<int>(t.cvt_big_in));
    CHECK_EQ(static_cast<int>(t.trunc_small_out),
             static_cast<int>(t.cvt_small_in));
  }
}


TEST(MIPS14) {
  // Test round, floor, ceil, trunc, cvt.
  InitializeVM();
  v8::HandleScope scope;

#define ROUND_STRUCT_ELEMENT(x) \
  int32_t x##_up_out; \
  int32_t x##_down_out; \
  int32_t neg_##x##_up_out; \
  int32_t neg_##x##_down_out; \
  uint32_t x##_err1_out; \
  uint32_t x##_err2_out; \
  uint32_t x##_err3_out; \
  uint32_t x##_err4_out; \
  int32_t x##_invalid_result;

  typedef struct {
    double round_up_in;
    double round_down_in;
    double neg_round_up_in;
    double neg_round_down_in;
    double err1_in;
    double err2_in;
    double err3_in;
    double err4_in;

    ROUND_STRUCT_ELEMENT(round)
    ROUND_STRUCT_ELEMENT(floor)
    ROUND_STRUCT_ELEMENT(ceil)
    ROUND_STRUCT_ELEMENT(trunc)
    ROUND_STRUCT_ELEMENT(cvt)
  } T;
  T t;

#undef ROUND_STRUCT_ELEMENT

  MacroAssembler assm(Isolate::Current(), NULL, 0);

  if (CpuFeatures::IsSupported(FPU)) {
    CpuFeatures::Scope scope(FPU);

    // Save FCSR.
    __ cfc1(a1, FCSR);
    // Disable FPU exceptions.
    __ ctc1(zero_reg, FCSR);
#define RUN_ROUND_TEST(x) \
    __ ldc1(f0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, round_up_in))); \
    __ x##_w_d(f0, f0); \
    __ swc1(f0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, x##_up_out))); \
    \
    __ ldc1(f0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, round_down_in))); \
    __ x##_w_d(f0, f0); \
    __ swc1(f0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, x##_down_out))); \
    \
    __ ldc1(f0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, neg_round_up_in))); \
    __ x##_w_d(f0, f0); \
    __ swc1(f0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, neg_##x##_up_out))); \
    \
    __ ldc1(f0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, neg_round_down_in))); \
    __ x##_w_d(f0, f0); \
    __ swc1(f0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, neg_##x##_down_out))); \
    \
    __ ldc1(f0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, err1_in))); \
    __ ctc1(zero_reg, FCSR); \
    __ x##_w_d(f0, f0); \
    __ cfc1(a2, FCSR); \
    __ sw(a2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, x##_err1_out))); \
    \
    __ ldc1(f0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, err2_in))); \
    __ ctc1(zero_reg, FCSR); \
    __ x##_w_d(f0, f0); \
    __ cfc1(a2, FCSR); \
    __ sw(a2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, x##_err2_out))); \
    \
    __ ldc1(f0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, err3_in))); \
    __ ctc1(zero_reg, FCSR); \
    __ x##_w_d(f0, f0); \
    __ cfc1(a2, FCSR); \
    __ sw(a2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, x##_err3_out))); \
    \
    __ ldc1(f0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, err4_in))); \
    __ ctc1(zero_reg, FCSR); \
    __ x##_w_d(f0, f0); \
    __ cfc1(a2, FCSR); \
    __ sw(a2, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, x##_err4_out))); \
    __ swc1(f0, MemOperand(a0, OFFSET_OF(T, x##_invalid_result)));

    RUN_ROUND_TEST(round)
    RUN_ROUND_TEST(floor)
    RUN_ROUND_TEST(ceil)
    RUN_ROUND_TEST(trunc)
    RUN_ROUND_TEST(cvt)

    // Restore FCSR.
    __ ctc1(a1, FCSR);

    __ jr(ra);
    __ nop();

    CodeDesc desc;
    assm.GetCode(&desc);
    Object* code = HEAP->CreateCode(
        desc,
        Code::ComputeFlags(Code::STUB),
        Handle<Object>(HEAP->undefined_value()))->ToObjectChecked();
    CHECK(code->IsCode());
    F3 f = FUNCTION_CAST<F3>(Code::cast(code)->entry());

    t.round_up_in = 123.51;
    t.round_down_in = 123.49;
    t.neg_round_up_in = -123.5;
    t.neg_round_down_in = -123.49;
    t.err1_in = 123.51;
    t.err2_in = 1;
    t.err3_in = static_cast<double>(1) + 0xFFFFFFFF;
    t.err4_in = NAN;

    Object* dummy = CALL_GENERATED_CODE(f, &t, 0, 0, 0, 0);
    USE(dummy);

#define GET_FPU_ERR(x) (static_cast<int>(x & kFCSRFlagMask))
#define CHECK_ROUND_RESULT(type) \
  CHECK(GET_FPU_ERR(t.type##_err1_out) & kFCSRInexactFlagMask); \
  CHECK_EQ(0, GET_FPU_ERR(t.type##_err2_out)); \
  CHECK(GET_FPU_ERR(t.type##_err3_out) & kFCSRInvalidOpFlagMask); \
  CHECK(GET_FPU_ERR(t.type##_err4_out) & kFCSRInvalidOpFlagMask); \
  CHECK_EQ(kFPUInvalidResult, t.type##_invalid_result);

    CHECK_ROUND_RESULT(round);
    CHECK_ROUND_RESULT(floor);
    CHECK_ROUND_RESULT(ceil);
    CHECK_ROUND_RESULT(cvt);
  }
}


TEST(MIPS15) {
  // Test chaining of label usages within instructions (issue 1644).
  InitializeVM();
  v8::HandleScope scope;
  Assembler assm(Isolate::Current(), NULL, 0);

  Label target;
  __ beq(v0, v1, &target);
  __ nop();
  __ bne(v0, v1, &target);
  __ nop();
  __ bind(&target);
  __ nop();
}

#undef __