This is a reland of bcb0a7c5.
Data races detected by TSan are fixed by using (relaxed) atomic
updates.

Original change's description:
> [wasm] Disallow late enabling of trap handlers
>
> It's dangerous if trap handlers are enabled after we already used the
> information whether they are enabled or not.
> This CL checks for such misbehaviour by remembering whether
> {IsTrapHandlerEnabled} was already called, and disallowing
> {EnableTrapHandler} afterwards. Also, calling {EnableTrapHandler}
> multiple times is disallowed now.
>
> The trap handler tests are changed to only enable trap handlers once,
> and to do that before allocating wasm memory or generating code.
>
> R=ahaas@chromium.org
>
> Bug: v8:11017
> Change-Id: Ib2256bb8435efd914c12769cedd4a0051052aeef
> Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/v8/v8/+/2494935
> Reviewed-by: Andreas Haas <ahaas@chromium.org>
> Commit-Queue: Clemens Backes <clemensb@chromium.org>
> Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/master@{#70750}

Bug: v8:11017
Cq-Include-Trybots: luci.v8.try:v8_linux64_tsan_rel_ng
Cq-Include-Trybots: luci.v8.try:v8_linux64_tsan_isolates_rel_ng
Change-Id: I24299c433ffa3ce31e2aac12134dc03f30609da2
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/v8/v8/+/2498683
Commit-Queue: Clemens Backes <clemensb@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Haas <ahaas@chromium.org>
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/master@{#70761}