This is a reland of 4936628e

Original change's description:
> [wasm][eh] Ship exception handling
>
> R=ahaas@chromium.org
> CC=ecmziegler@chromium.org
>
> Cq-Include-Trybots: luci.v8.try:v8_linux_blink_rel
> Bug: chromium:1173515
> Change-Id: Id487ec32de7ec10ba1f61f77414565949b8d3dc7
> Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/v8/v8/+/3138203
> Reviewed-by: Andreas Haas <ahaas@chromium.org>
> Commit-Queue: Thibaud Michaud <thibaudm@chromium.org>
> Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/main@{#76672}

Bug: chromium:1173515, v8:12173
Change-Id: I61a216207e4aadfd00a716e3296af2f7c3e8df88
Cq-Include-Trybots: luci.v8.try:v8_linux_blink_rel
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/v8/v8/+/3141609Reviewed-by: Georg Neis <neis@chromium.org>
Commit-Queue: Thibaud Michaud <thibaudm@chromium.org>
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/main@{#76691}