Previously the inspector was trying to handle step-out for async
functions by annotating the async stacks, but this was merely a
hack and didn't work reliably

(a) when the async caller that is `await`ing the result of the
    callee was still in the synchronous part (because then there
    was no async task yet in the inspector), or
(b) not at all when the async stack tracking wasn't enabled or the
    maximum async stack depth was too small.

This CL replaces that hack with a pragmatic solution inside the
V8 debugger, where upon `await` we memorize the async function
object of the caller on the outer promise of the callee, and when
stepping out of the callee we check whether the returned promise
has a memorized async function object and if so, we schedule that
to resume.

This CL thereby effectively reverts https://crrev.com/c/1054618
and replaces it with a V8 debug solution, and thereby further
reduces the (memory) overhead of an AsyncStackTrace.

Fixed: chromium:1246867
Bug: v8:6161, v8:7753, chromium:1277451, chromium:1280519
Change-Id: I6aa79e90f49d204f66bfd37e7a328c7fb8d635b1
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/v8/v8/+/3439865Reviewed-by: Jaroslav Sevcik <jarin@chromium.org>
Auto-Submit: Benedikt Meurer <bmeurer@chromium.org>
Commit-Queue: Benedikt Meurer <bmeurer@chromium.org>
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/main@{#78990}