The codebooks each consist of small number of values repeated in
groups of 2 or 4.  Storing the codebooks as a packed list of 2- or
4-bit indexes into a table reduces their size substantially (from 7.5k
to 1.5k), resulting in less cache pressure.

For the band types with sign bits in the bitstream, storing the number
and position of non-zero codebook values using a few bits avoids
multiple get_bits() calls and floating-point comparisons which gcc
handles miserably.

Some float/int type punning also avoids gcc brain damage.

Overall speedup 20-35% on Cortex-A8, 20% on Core i7.

Originally committed as revision 21188 to svn://svn.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg/trunk