[snapshot] Create a ReadOnly snapshot

In preparation for sharing RO_SPACE between all Isolates within a
process, this first pulls RO_SPACE out of the Startup snapshot and puts
it in its own ReadOnly snapshot.

The snapshot is first populated with the read-only roots. After that the
StartupSerializer serializes as before but starting from the first
mutable root. References to objects in the ReadOnly snapshot that aren't
themselves roots are added to a new cache called ReadOnlyObjectCache
which functions like the PartialSnapshotCache but lives in the
ReadOnlySerializer rather than the StartupSerializer. These cache
entries are referenced using a new bytecode: ReadOnlyObjectCache. (To
make room for this, the ApiReference bytecode has been moved).

To reduce code duplication, the StartupSerializer has been refactored to
create a new base class RootSerializer, which ReadOnlySerializer also
subclasses. The base class is responsible primarily for keeping track of
already serialized roots and visiting the roots.

Cq-Include-Trybots: luci.chromium.try:linux_chromium_rel_ng
Change-Id: Iff26042886130ae22eccf2e11b35f6f226f4a792
Bug: v8:8191
Reviewed-on: https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/1244676
Commit-Queue: Dan Elphick <delphick@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Ulan Degenbaev <ulan@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Jakob Gruber <jgruber@chromium.org>
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/master@{#56681}

BUILD.gn

@@ -2476,7 +2476,13 @@ v8_source_set("v8_base") {
     "src/snapshot/partial-deserializer.h",
     "src/snapshot/partial-serializer.cc",
     "src/snapshot/partial-serializer.h",
+    "src/snapshot/read-only-deserializer.cc",
+    "src/snapshot/read-only-deserializer.h",
+    "src/snapshot/read-only-serializer.cc",
+    "src/snapshot/read-only-serializer.h",
     "src/snapshot/references.h",
+    "src/snapshot/roots-serializer.cc",
+    "src/snapshot/roots-serializer.h",
     "src/snapshot/serializer-common.cc",
     "src/snapshot/serializer-common.h",
     "src/snapshot/serializer.cc",

src/api.cc

@@ -79,7 +79,10 @@
 #include "src/snapshot/builtin-serializer.h"
 #include "src/snapshot/code-serializer.h"
 #include "src/snapshot/natives.h"
+#include "src/snapshot/partial-serializer.h"
+#include "src/snapshot/read-only-serializer.h"
 #include "src/snapshot/snapshot.h"
+#include "src/snapshot/startup-serializer.h"
 #include "src/startup-data-util.h"
 #include "src/string-hasher.h"
 #include "src/tracing/trace-event.h"
@@ -795,7 +798,10 @@ StartupData SnapshotCreator::CreateBlob(
     }
   }
 
-  i::StartupSerializer startup_serializer(isolate);
+  i::ReadOnlySerializer read_only_serializer(isolate);
+  read_only_serializer.SerializeReadOnlyRoots();
+
+  i::StartupSerializer startup_serializer(isolate, &read_only_serializer);
   startup_serializer.SerializeStrongReferences();
 
   // Serialize each context with a new partial serializer.
@@ -825,10 +831,15 @@ StartupData SnapshotCreator::CreateBlob(
   startup_serializer.SerializeWeakReferencesAndDeferred();
   can_be_rehashed = can_be_rehashed && startup_serializer.can_be_rehashed();
 
+  read_only_serializer.FinalizeSerialization();
+  can_be_rehashed = can_be_rehashed && read_only_serializer.can_be_rehashed();
+
+  i::SnapshotData read_only_snapshot(&read_only_serializer);
   i::SnapshotData startup_snapshot(&startup_serializer);
   i::BuiltinSnapshotData builtin_snapshot(&builtin_serializer);
   StartupData result = i::Snapshot::CreateSnapshotBlob(
-      &startup_snapshot, &builtin_snapshot, context_snapshots, can_be_rehashed);
+      &startup_snapshot, &builtin_snapshot, &read_only_snapshot,
+      context_snapshots, can_be_rehashed);
 
   // Delete heap-allocated context snapshot instances.
   for (const auto context_snapshot : context_snapshots) {

src/isolate.h

@@ -1472,6 +1472,10 @@ class Isolate : private HiddenFactory {
   void AddDetachedContext(Handle<Context> context);
   void CheckDetachedContextsAfterGC();
 
+  std::vector<Object*>* read_only_object_cache() {
+    return &read_only_object_cache_;
+  }
+
   std::vector<Object*>* partial_snapshot_cache() {
     return &partial_snapshot_cache_;
   }
@@ -1880,6 +1884,7 @@ class Isolate : private HiddenFactory {
 
   v8::Isolate::UseCounterCallback use_counter_callback_;
 
+  std::vector<Object*> read_only_object_cache_;
   std::vector<Object*> partial_snapshot_cache_;
 
   // Used during builtins compilation to build the builtins constants table,

src/snapshot/builtin-serializer.cc

@@ -77,7 +77,8 @@ void BuiltinSerializer::SerializeObject(HeapObject* o, HowToCode how_to_code,
   // builtin.
   if (SerializeBuiltinReference(o, how_to_code, where_to_point, skip)) return;
 
-  // Embedded objects are serialized as part of the partial snapshot cache.
+  // Embedded objects are serialized as part of the read-only object and partial
+  // snapshot caches.
   // Currently we expect to see:
   // * Code: Jump targets.
   // * ByteArrays: Relocation infos.
@@ -87,13 +88,13 @@ void BuiltinSerializer::SerializeObject(HeapObject* o, HowToCode how_to_code,
   // TODO(6624): Jump targets should never trigger content serialization, it
   // should always result in a reference instead. Reloc infos and handler tables
   // should not end up in the partial snapshot cache.
+  if (startup_serializer_->SerializeUsingReadOnlyObjectCache(
+          &sink_, o, how_to_code, where_to_point, skip)) {
+    return;
+  }
 
-  FlushSkip(skip);
-
-  int cache_index = startup_serializer_->PartialSnapshotCacheIndex(o);
-  sink_.Put(kPartialSnapshotCache + how_to_code + where_to_point,
-            "PartialSnapshotCache");
-  sink_.PutInt(cache_index, "partial_snapshot_cache_index");
+  startup_serializer_->SerializeUsingPartialSnapshotCache(
+      &sink_, o, how_to_code, where_to_point, skip);
 }
 
 void BuiltinSerializer::SetBuiltinOffset(int builtin_id, uint32_t offset) {

src/snapshot/deserializer.cc

@@ -473,6 +473,11 @@ bool Deserializer<AllocatorT>::ReadData(MaybeObject** current,
       SINGLE_CASE(kPartialSnapshotCache, kPlain, kStartOfObject, 0)
       SINGLE_CASE(kPartialSnapshotCache, kFromCode, kStartOfObject, 0)
       SINGLE_CASE(kPartialSnapshotCache, kFromCode, kInnerPointer, 0)
+      // Find an object in the partial snapshots cache and write a pointer to it
+      // to the current object.
+      SINGLE_CASE(kReadOnlyObjectCache, kPlain, kStartOfObject, 0)
+      SINGLE_CASE(kReadOnlyObjectCache, kFromCode, kStartOfObject, 0)
+      SINGLE_CASE(kReadOnlyObjectCache, kFromCode, kInnerPointer, 0)
       // Find an object in the attached references and write a pointer to it to
       // the current object.
       SINGLE_CASE(kAttachedReference, kPlain, kStartOfObject, 0)
@@ -815,6 +820,11 @@ MaybeObject** Deserializer<AllocatorT>::ReadDataCase(
       new_object = isolate->root(root_index);
       emit_write_barrier = Heap::InNewSpace(new_object);
       hot_objects_.Add(HeapObject::cast(new_object));
+    } else if (where == kReadOnlyObjectCache) {
+      int cache_index = source_.GetInt();
+      new_object = isolate->read_only_object_cache()->at(cache_index);
+      DCHECK(!Heap::InNewSpace(new_object));
+      emit_write_barrier = false;
     } else if (where == kPartialSnapshotCache) {
       int cache_index = source_.GetInt();
       new_object = isolate->partial_snapshot_cache()->at(cache_index);

src/snapshot/partial-serializer.cc

@@ -63,13 +63,14 @@ void PartialSerializer::SerializeObject(HeapObject* obj, HowToCode how_to_code,
 
   if (SerializeBackReference(obj, how_to_code, where_to_point, skip)) return;
 
-  if (ShouldBeInThePartialSnapshotCache(obj)) {
-    FlushSkip(skip);
+  if (startup_serializer_->SerializeUsingReadOnlyObjectCache(
+          &sink_, obj, how_to_code, where_to_point, skip)) {
+    return;
+  }
 
-    int cache_index = startup_serializer_->PartialSnapshotCacheIndex(obj);
-    sink_.Put(kPartialSnapshotCache + how_to_code + where_to_point,
-              "PartialSnapshotCache");
-    sink_.PutInt(cache_index, "partial_snapshot_cache_index");
+  if (ShouldBeInThePartialSnapshotCache(obj)) {
+    startup_serializer_->SerializeUsingPartialSnapshotCache(
+        &sink_, obj, how_to_code, where_to_point, skip);
     return;
   }
 

src/snapshot/read-only-deserializer.cc

+// Copyright 2018 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#include "src/snapshot/read-only-deserializer.h"
+
+#include "src/api.h"
+#include "src/heap/heap-inl.h"
+#include "src/snapshot/snapshot.h"
+#include "src/v8threads.h"
+
+namespace v8 {
+namespace internal {
+
+void ReadOnlyDeserializer::DeserializeInto(Isolate* isolate) {
+  Initialize(isolate);
+
+  if (!allocator()->ReserveSpace()) {
+    V8::FatalProcessOutOfMemory(isolate, "ReadOnlyDeserializer");
+  }
+
+  // No active threads.
+  DCHECK_NULL(isolate->thread_manager()->FirstThreadStateInUse());
+  // No active handles.
+  DCHECK(isolate->handle_scope_implementer()->blocks()->empty());
+  // Partial snapshot cache is not yet populated.
+  DCHECK(isolate->read_only_object_cache()->empty());
+  DCHECK(isolate->partial_snapshot_cache()->empty());
+  // Builtins are not yet created.
+  DCHECK(!isolate->builtins()->is_initialized());
+
+  {
+    DisallowHeapAllocation no_gc;
+
+    ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).Iterate(this);
+
+    // Deserialize the Read-only Object Cache.
+    std::vector<Object*>* cache = isolate->read_only_object_cache();
+    for (size_t i = 0;; ++i) {
+      // Extend the array ready to get a value when deserializing.
+      if (cache->size() <= i) cache->push_back(Smi::kZero);
+      // During deserialization, the visitor populates the read-only object
+      // cache and eventually terminates the cache with undefined.
+      VisitRootPointer(Root::kReadOnlyObjectCache, nullptr, &cache->at(i));
+      if (cache->at(i)->IsUndefined(isolate)) break;
+    }
+    DeserializeDeferredObjects();
+  }
+}
+
+void ReadOnlyDeserializer::RehashHeap() {
+  DCHECK(FLAG_rehash_snapshot && can_rehash());
+  Rehash();
+}
+
+}  // namespace internal
+}  // namespace v8

src/snapshot/read-only-deserializer.h

+// Copyright 2018 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef V8_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY_DESERIALIZER_H_
+#define V8_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY_DESERIALIZER_H_
+
+#include "src/snapshot/deserializer.h"
+#include "src/snapshot/snapshot.h"
+
+namespace v8 {
+namespace internal {
+
+// Deserializes the read-only blob, creating the read-only roots and the
+// Read-only object cache used by the other deserializers.
+class ReadOnlyDeserializer final : public Deserializer<> {
+ public:
+  explicit ReadOnlyDeserializer(const SnapshotData* data)
+      : Deserializer(data, false) {}
+
+  // Deserialize the snapshot into an empty heap.
+  void DeserializeInto(Isolate* isolate);
+
+ private:
+  friend class StartupDeserializer;
+
+  // Rehash after deserializing.
+  void RehashHeap();
+};
+
+}  // namespace internal
+}  // namespace v8
+
+#endif  // V8_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY_DESERIALIZER_H_

src/snapshot/read-only-serializer.cc

+// Copyright 2018 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#include "src/snapshot/read-only-serializer.h"
+
+#include "src/api.h"
+#include "src/code-tracer.h"
+#include "src/global-handles.h"
+#include "src/objects-inl.h"
+#include "src/snapshot/startup-serializer.h"
+#include "src/v8threads.h"
+
+namespace v8 {
+namespace internal {
+
+ReadOnlySerializer::ReadOnlySerializer(Isolate* isolate)
+    : RootsSerializer(isolate, RootIndex::kFirstReadOnlyRoot) {
+  STATIC_ASSERT(RootIndex::kFirstReadOnlyRoot == RootIndex::kFirstRoot);
+}
+
+ReadOnlySerializer::~ReadOnlySerializer() {
+  OutputStatistics("ReadOnlySerializer");
+}
+
+void ReadOnlySerializer::SerializeObject(HeapObject* obj, HowToCode how_to_code,
+                                         WhereToPoint where_to_point,
+                                         int skip) {
+  CHECK(isolate()->heap()->read_only_space()->Contains(obj));
+
+  if (SerializeHotObject(obj, how_to_code, where_to_point, skip)) return;
+  if (IsRootAndHasBeenSerialized(obj) &&
+      SerializeRoot(obj, how_to_code, where_to_point, skip)) {
+    return;
+  }
+  if (SerializeBackReference(obj, how_to_code, where_to_point, skip)) return;
+
+  FlushSkip(skip);
+
+  CheckRehashability(obj);
+
+  // Object has not yet been serialized.  Serialize it here.
+  ObjectSerializer object_serializer(this, obj, &sink_, how_to_code,
+                                     where_to_point);
+  object_serializer.Serialize();
+}
+
+void ReadOnlySerializer::SerializeReadOnlyRoots() {
+  // No active threads.
+  CHECK_NULL(isolate()->thread_manager()->FirstThreadStateInUse());
+  // No active or weak handles.
+  CHECK(isolate()->handle_scope_implementer()->blocks()->empty());
+
+  ReadOnlyRoots(isolate()).Iterate(this);
+}
+
+void ReadOnlySerializer::FinalizeSerialization() {
+  // This comes right after serialization of the other snapshots, where we
+  // add entries to the read-only object cache. Add one entry with 'undefined'
+  // to terminate the read-only object cache.
+  Object* undefined = ReadOnlyRoots(isolate()).undefined_value();
+  VisitRootPointer(Root::kReadOnlyObjectCache, nullptr, &undefined);
+  SerializeDeferredObjects();
+  Pad();
+}
+
+bool ReadOnlySerializer::MustBeDeferred(HeapObject* object) {
+  if (root_has_been_serialized(RootIndex::kFreeSpaceMap) &&
+      root_has_been_serialized(RootIndex::kOnePointerFillerMap) &&
+      root_has_been_serialized(RootIndex::kTwoPointerFillerMap)) {
+    // All required root objects are serialized, so any aligned objects can
+    // be saved without problems.
+    return false;
+  }
+  // Just defer everything except for Map objects until all required roots are
+  // serialized. Some objects may have special alignment requirements, that may
+  // not be fulfilled during deserialization until few first root objects are
+  // serialized. But we must serialize Map objects since deserializer checks
+  // that these root objects are indeed Maps.
+  return !object->IsMap();
+}
+
+bool ReadOnlySerializer::SerializeUsingReadOnlyObjectCache(
+    SnapshotByteSink* sink, HeapObject* obj, HowToCode how_to_code,
+    WhereToPoint where_to_point, int skip) {
+  if (!isolate()->heap()->read_only_space()->Contains(obj)) return false;
+
+  // Get the cache index and serialize it into the read-only snapshot if
+  // necessary.
+  int cache_index = SerializeInObjectCache(obj);
+
+  // Writing out the cache entry into the calling serializer's sink.
+  FlushSkip(sink, skip);
+  sink->Put(kReadOnlyObjectCache + how_to_code + where_to_point,
+            "ReadOnlyObjectCache");
+  sink->PutInt(cache_index, "read_only_object_cache_index");
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+}  // namespace internal
+}  // namespace v8

src/snapshot/read-only-serializer.h

+// Copyright 2018 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef V8_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY_SERIALIZER_H_
+#define V8_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY_SERIALIZER_H_
+
+#include "src/snapshot/roots-serializer.h"
+
+namespace v8 {
+namespace internal {
+
+class HeapObject;
+class SnapshotByteSink;
+
+class ReadOnlySerializer : public RootsSerializer {
+ public:
+  explicit ReadOnlySerializer(Isolate* isolate);
+  ~ReadOnlySerializer() override;
+
+  void SerializeReadOnlyRoots();
+
+  // Completes the serialization of the read-only object cache and serializes
+  // any deferred objects.
+  void FinalizeSerialization();
+
+  // If |obj| can be serialized in the read-only snapshot then add it to the
+  // read-only object cache if not already present and emit a
+  // ReadOnlyObjectCache bytecode into |sink|. Returns whether this was
+  // successful.
+  bool SerializeUsingReadOnlyObjectCache(SnapshotByteSink* sink,
+                                         HeapObject* obj, HowToCode how_to_code,
+                                         WhereToPoint where_to_point, int skip);
+
+ private:
+  void SerializeObject(HeapObject* o, HowToCode how_to_code,
+                       WhereToPoint where_to_point, int skip) override;
+  bool MustBeDeferred(HeapObject* object) override;
+
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ReadOnlySerializer);
+};
+
+}  // namespace internal
+}  // namespace v8
+
+#endif  // V8_SNAPSHOT_READ_ONLY_SERIALIZER_H_

src/snapshot/roots-serializer.cc

+// Copyright 2018 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#include "src/snapshot/roots-serializer.h"
+
+#include "src/heap/heap.h"
+#include "src/isolate.h"
+#include "src/objects-inl.h"
+
+namespace v8 {
+namespace internal {
+
+RootsSerializer::RootsSerializer(Isolate* isolate,
+                                 RootIndex first_root_to_be_serialized)
+    : Serializer(isolate),
+      first_root_to_be_serialized_(first_root_to_be_serialized),
+      can_be_rehashed_(true) {
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < static_cast<size_t>(first_root_to_be_serialized);
+       ++i) {
+    root_has_been_serialized_[i] = true;
+  }
+}
+
+int RootsSerializer::SerializeInObjectCache(HeapObject* heap_object) {
+  int index;
+  if (!object_cache_index_map_.LookupOrInsert(heap_object, &index)) {
+    // This object is not part of the object cache yet. Add it to the cache so
+    // we can refer to it via cache index from the delegating snapshot.
+    SerializeObject(heap_object, kPlain, kStartOfObject, 0);
+  }
+  return index;
+}
+
+void RootsSerializer::Synchronize(VisitorSynchronization::SyncTag tag) {
+  sink_.Put(kSynchronize, "Synchronize");
+}
+
+void RootsSerializer::VisitRootPointers(Root root, const char* description,
+                                        Object** start, Object** end) {
+  RootsTable& roots_table = isolate()->heap()->roots_table();
+  if (start ==
+      roots_table.begin() + static_cast<size_t>(first_root_to_be_serialized_)) {
+    // Serializing the root list needs special handling:
+    // - Only root list elements that have been fully serialized can be
+    //   referenced using kRootArray bytecodes.
+    for (Object** current = start; current < end; current++) {
+      SerializeRootObject(*current);
+      size_t root_index = static_cast<size_t>(current - roots_table.begin());
+      root_has_been_serialized_.set(root_index);
+    }
+  } else {
+    Serializer::VisitRootPointers(root, description, start, end);
+  }
+}
+
+void RootsSerializer::CheckRehashability(HeapObject* obj) {
+  if (!can_be_rehashed_) return;
+  if (!obj->NeedsRehashing()) return;
+  if (obj->CanBeRehashed()) return;
+  can_be_rehashed_ = false;
+}
+
+}  // namespace internal
+}  // namespace v8

src/snapshot/roots-serializer.h

+// Copyright 2018 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#ifndef V8_SNAPSHOT_ROOTS_SERIALIZER_H_
+#define V8_SNAPSHOT_ROOTS_SERIALIZER_H_
+
+#include <bitset>
+
+#include "src/snapshot/serializer.h"
+#include "src/visitors.h"
+
+namespace v8 {
+namespace internal {
+
+class HeapObject;
+class Object;
+class Isolate;
+enum class RootIndex : uint16_t;
+
+// Base class for serializer that iterate over roots. Also maintains a cache
+// that can be used to share non-root objects with other serializers.
+class RootsSerializer : public Serializer<> {
+ public:
+  // The serializer expects that all roots before |first_root_to_be_serialized|
+  // are already serialized.
+  RootsSerializer(Isolate* isolate, RootIndex first_root_to_be_serialized);
+
+  bool can_be_rehashed() const { return can_be_rehashed_; }
+  bool root_has_been_serialized(RootIndex root_index) const {
+    return root_has_been_serialized_.test(static_cast<size_t>(root_index));
+  }
+
+  bool IsRootAndHasBeenSerialized(HeapObject* obj) const {
+    RootIndex root_index;
+    return root_index_map()->Lookup(obj, &root_index) &&
+           root_has_been_serialized(root_index);
+  }
+
+ protected:
+  void CheckRehashability(HeapObject* obj);
+
+  // Serializes |object| if not previously seen and returns its cache index.
+  int SerializeInObjectCache(HeapObject* object);
+
+ private:
+  void VisitRootPointers(Root root, const char* description, Object** start,
+                         Object** end) override;
+  void Synchronize(VisitorSynchronization::SyncTag tag) override;
+
+  const RootIndex first_root_to_be_serialized_;
+  std::bitset<RootsTable::kEntriesCount> root_has_been_serialized_;
+  ObjectCacheIndexMap object_cache_index_map_;
+  // Indicates whether we only serialized hash tables that we can rehash.
+  // TODO(yangguo): generalize rehashing, and remove this flag.
+  bool can_be_rehashed_;
+
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(RootsSerializer);
+};
+
+}  // namespace internal
+}  // namespace v8
+
+#endif  // V8_SNAPSHOT_ROOTS_SERIALIZER_H_

src/snapshot/serializer-common.h

@@ -123,8 +123,6 @@ class SerializerDeserializer : public RootVisitor {
       const std::vector<CallHandlerInfo*>& call_handler_infos);
 
 #define UNUSED_SERIALIZER_BYTE_CODES(V) \
-  V(0x18)                               \
-  V(0x3d)                               \
   V(0x3e)                               \
   V(0x3f)                               \
   V(0x58)                               \
@@ -137,7 +135,6 @@ class SerializerDeserializer : public RootVisitor {
   V(0x5f)                               \
   V(0x67)                               \
   V(0x76)                               \
-  V(0x78)                               \
   V(0x79)                               \
   V(0x7a)                               \
   V(0x7b)                               \
@@ -169,6 +166,8 @@ class SerializerDeserializer : public RootVisitor {
     kRootArray = 0x16,
     // 0x17        Object provided in the attached list.
     kAttachedReference = 0x17,
+    // 0x18        Object in the read-only object cache.
+    kReadOnlyObjectCache = 0x18,
 
     // 0x0f        Misc, see below (incl. 0x2f, 0x4f, 0x6f).
     // 0x18..0x1f  Misc, see below (incl. 0x38..0x3f, 0x58..0x5f, 0x78..0x7f).
@@ -225,15 +224,15 @@ class SerializerDeserializer : public RootVisitor {
   // Used for embedder-provided serialization data for embedder fields.
   static const int kEmbedderFieldsData = 0x1f;
 
-  // Used to encode external referenced provided through the API.
-  static const int kApiReference = 0x38;
-
   static const int kVariableRawCode = 0x39;
   static const int kVariableRawData = 0x3a;
 
   static const int kInternalReference = 0x3b;
   static const int kInternalReferenceEncoded = 0x3c;
 
+  // Used to encode external references provided through the API.
+  static const int kApiReference = 0x3d;
+
   // In-place weak references
   static const int kWeakPrefix = 0x7e;
 

src/snapshot/serializer.h

@@ -127,6 +127,33 @@ class CodeAddressMap : public CodeEventLogger {
   NameMap address_to_name_map_;
 };
 
+class ObjectCacheIndexMap {
+ public:
+  ObjectCacheIndexMap() : map_(), next_index_(0) {}
+
+  // If |obj| is in the map, immediately return true.  Otherwise add it to the
+  // map and return false. In either case set |*index_out| to the index
+  // associated with the map.
+  bool LookupOrInsert(HeapObject* obj, int* index_out) {
+    Maybe<uint32_t> maybe_index = map_.Get(obj);
+    if (maybe_index.IsJust()) {
+      *index_out = maybe_index.FromJust();
+      return true;
+    }
+    *index_out = next_index_;
+    map_.Set(obj, next_index_++);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  DisallowHeapAllocation no_allocation_;
+
+  HeapObjectToIndexHashMap map_;
+  int next_index_;
+
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ObjectCacheIndexMap);
+};
+
 template <class AllocatorT = DefaultSerializerAllocator>
 class Serializer : public SerializerDeserializer {
  public:
@@ -202,13 +229,15 @@ class Serializer : public SerializerDeserializer {
   // Returns true if the given heap object is a bytecode handler code object.
   bool ObjectIsBytecodeHandler(HeapObject* obj) const;
 
-  inline void FlushSkip(int skip) {
+  static inline void FlushSkip(SnapshotByteSink* sink, int skip) {
     if (skip != 0) {
-      sink_.Put(kSkip, "SkipFromSerializeObject");
-      sink_.PutInt(skip, "SkipDistanceFromSerializeObject");
+      sink->Put(kSkip, "SkipFromSerializeObject");
+      sink->PutInt(skip, "SkipDistanceFromSerializeObject");
     }
   }
 
+  inline void FlushSkip(int skip) { FlushSkip(&sink_, skip); }
+
   ExternalReferenceEncoder::Value EncodeExternalReference(Address addr) {
     return external_reference_encoder_.Encode(addr);
   }

src/snapshot/snapshot-common.cc

@@ -49,8 +49,10 @@ bool Snapshot::Initialize(Isolate* isolate) {
   SnapshotData startup_snapshot_data(startup_data);
   Vector<const byte> builtin_data = ExtractBuiltinData(blob);
   BuiltinSnapshotData builtin_snapshot_data(builtin_data);
-  StartupDeserializer deserializer(&startup_snapshot_data,
-                                   &builtin_snapshot_data);
+  Vector<const byte> read_only_data = ExtractReadOnlyData(blob);
+  SnapshotData read_only_snapshot_data(read_only_data);
+  StartupDeserializer deserializer(
+      &startup_snapshot_data, &builtin_snapshot_data, &read_only_snapshot_data);
   deserializer.SetRehashability(ExtractRehashability(blob));
   bool success = isolate->Init(&deserializer);
   if (FLAG_profile_deserialization) {
@@ -174,11 +176,15 @@ Code* Snapshot::EnsureBuiltinIsDeserialized(Isolate* isolate,
 }
 
 void ProfileDeserialization(
+    const SnapshotData* read_only_snapshot,
     const SnapshotData* startup_snapshot, const SnapshotData* builtin_snapshot,
     const std::vector<SnapshotData*>& context_snapshots) {
   if (FLAG_profile_deserialization) {
     int startup_total = 0;
     PrintF("Deserialization will reserve:\n");
+    for (const auto& reservation : read_only_snapshot->Reservations()) {
+      startup_total += reservation.chunk_size();
+    }
     for (const auto& reservation : startup_snapshot->Reservations()) {
       startup_total += reservation.chunk_size();
     }
@@ -199,6 +205,7 @@ void ProfileDeserialization(
 v8::StartupData Snapshot::CreateSnapshotBlob(
     const SnapshotData* startup_snapshot,
     const BuiltinSnapshotData* builtin_snapshot,
+    const SnapshotData* read_only_snapshot,
     const std::vector<SnapshotData*>& context_snapshots, bool can_be_rehashed) {
   uint32_t num_contexts = static_cast<uint32_t>(context_snapshots.size());
   uint32_t startup_snapshot_offset = StartupSnapshotOffset(num_contexts);
@@ -208,12 +215,15 @@ v8::StartupData Snapshot::CreateSnapshotBlob(
   DCHECK(IsAligned(total_length, kPointerAlignment));
   total_length += static_cast<uint32_t>(builtin_snapshot->RawData().length());
   DCHECK(IsAligned(total_length, kPointerAlignment));
+  total_length += static_cast<uint32_t>(read_only_snapshot->RawData().length());
+  DCHECK(IsAligned(total_length, kPointerAlignment));
   for (const auto context_snapshot : context_snapshots) {
     total_length += static_cast<uint32_t>(context_snapshot->RawData().length());
     DCHECK(IsAligned(total_length, kPointerAlignment));
   }
 
-  ProfileDeserialization(startup_snapshot, builtin_snapshot, context_snapshots);
+  ProfileDeserialization(read_only_snapshot, startup_snapshot, builtin_snapshot,
+                         context_snapshots);
 
   char* data = new char[total_length];
   // Zero out pre-payload data. Part of that is only used for padding.
@@ -252,6 +262,18 @@ v8::StartupData Snapshot::CreateSnapshotBlob(
   }
   payload_offset += payload_length;
 
+  // Read-only.
+  SetHeaderValue(data, kReadOnlyOffsetOffset, payload_offset);
+  payload_length = read_only_snapshot->RawData().length();
+  CopyBytes(
+      data + payload_offset,
+      reinterpret_cast<const char*>(read_only_snapshot->RawData().start()),
+      payload_length);
+  if (FLAG_profile_deserialization) {
+    PrintF("%10d bytes for read-only\n", payload_length);
+  }
+  payload_offset += payload_length;
+
   // Partial snapshots (context-specific data).
   for (uint32_t i = 0; i < num_contexts; i++) {
     SetHeaderValue(data, ContextSnapshotOffsetOffset(i), payload_offset);
@@ -563,33 +585,38 @@ bool Snapshot::ExtractRehashability(const v8::StartupData* data) {
   return GetHeaderValue(data, kRehashabilityOffset) != 0;
 }
 
+namespace {
+Vector<const byte> ExtractData(const v8::StartupData* snapshot,
+                               uint32_t start_offset, uint32_t end_offset) {
+  CHECK_LT(start_offset, end_offset);
+  CHECK_LT(end_offset, snapshot->raw_size);
+  uint32_t length = end_offset - start_offset;
+  const byte* data =
+      reinterpret_cast<const byte*>(snapshot->data + start_offset);
+  return Vector<const byte>(data, length);
+}
+}  // namespace
+
 Vector<const byte> Snapshot::ExtractStartupData(const v8::StartupData* data) {
+  DCHECK(SnapshotIsValid(data));
+
   uint32_t num_contexts = ExtractNumContexts(data);
-  uint32_t startup_offset = StartupSnapshotOffset(num_contexts);
-  CHECK_LT(startup_offset, data->raw_size);
-  uint32_t builtin_offset = GetHeaderValue(data, kBuiltinOffsetOffset);
-  CHECK_LT(builtin_offset, data->raw_size);
-  CHECK_GT(builtin_offset, startup_offset);
-  uint32_t startup_length = builtin_offset - startup_offset;
-  const byte* startup_data =
-      reinterpret_cast<const byte*>(data->data + startup_offset);
-  return Vector<const byte>(startup_data, startup_length);
+  return ExtractData(data, StartupSnapshotOffset(num_contexts),
+                     GetHeaderValue(data, kBuiltinOffsetOffset));
 }
 
 Vector<const byte> Snapshot::ExtractBuiltinData(const v8::StartupData* data) {
   DCHECK(SnapshotIsValid(data));
 
-  uint32_t from_offset = GetHeaderValue(data, kBuiltinOffsetOffset);
-  CHECK_LT(from_offset, data->raw_size);
+  return ExtractData(data, GetHeaderValue(data, kBuiltinOffsetOffset),
+                     GetHeaderValue(data, kReadOnlyOffsetOffset));
+}
 
-  uint32_t to_offset = GetHeaderValue(data, ContextSnapshotOffsetOffset(0));
-  CHECK_LT(to_offset, data->raw_size);
+Vector<const byte> Snapshot::ExtractReadOnlyData(const v8::StartupData* data) {
+  DCHECK(SnapshotIsValid(data));
 
-  CHECK_GT(to_offset, from_offset);
-  uint32_t length = to_offset - from_offset;
-  const byte* builtin_data =
-      reinterpret_cast<const byte*>(data->data + from_offset);
-  return Vector<const byte>(builtin_data, length);
+  return ExtractData(data, GetHeaderValue(data, kReadOnlyOffsetOffset),
+                     GetHeaderValue(data, ContextSnapshotOffsetOffset(0)));
 }
 
 Vector<const byte> Snapshot::ExtractContextData(const v8::StartupData* data,

src/snapshot/snapshot.h

@@ -190,6 +190,7 @@ class Snapshot : public AllStatic {
   static v8::StartupData CreateSnapshotBlob(
       const SnapshotData* startup_snapshot,
       const BuiltinSnapshotData* builtin_snapshot,
+      const SnapshotData* read_only_snapshot,
       const std::vector<SnapshotData*>& context_snapshots,
       bool can_be_rehashed);
 
@@ -203,6 +204,7 @@ class Snapshot : public AllStatic {
                                        uint32_t index);
   static bool ExtractRehashability(const v8::StartupData* data);
   static Vector<const byte> ExtractStartupData(const v8::StartupData* data);
+  static Vector<const byte> ExtractReadOnlyData(const v8::StartupData* data);
   static Vector<const byte> ExtractBuiltinData(const v8::StartupData* data);
   static Vector<const byte> ExtractContextData(const v8::StartupData* data,
                                                uint32_t index);
@@ -224,12 +226,14 @@ class Snapshot : public AllStatic {
   // [3] checksum part B
   // [4] (128 bytes) version string
   // [5] offset to builtins
-  // [6] offset to context 0
-  // [7] offset to context 1
+  // [6] offset to readonly
+  // [7] offset to context 0
+  // [8] offset to context 1
   // ...
   // ... offset to context N - 1
   // ... startup snapshot data
   // ... builtin snapshot data
+  // ... read-only snapshot data
   // ... context 0 snapshot data
   // ... context 1 snapshot data
 
@@ -246,8 +250,10 @@ class Snapshot : public AllStatic {
   static const uint32_t kVersionStringLength = 64;
   static const uint32_t kBuiltinOffsetOffset =
       kVersionStringOffset + kVersionStringLength;
-  static const uint32_t kFirstContextOffsetOffset =
+  static const uint32_t kReadOnlyOffsetOffset =
       kBuiltinOffsetOffset + kUInt32Size;
+  static const uint32_t kFirstContextOffsetOffset =
+      kReadOnlyOffsetOffset + kUInt32Size;
 
   static Vector<const byte> ChecksummedContent(const v8::StartupData* data) {
     const uint32_t kChecksumStart = kVersionStringOffset;

src/snapshot/startup-deserializer.cc

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "src/code-tracer.h"
 #include "src/heap/heap-inl.h"
 #include "src/snapshot/builtin-deserializer.h"
+#include "src/snapshot/read-only-deserializer.h"
 #include "src/snapshot/snapshot.h"
 
 namespace v8 {
@@ -18,6 +19,9 @@ namespace internal {
 void StartupDeserializer::DeserializeInto(Isolate* isolate) {
   Initialize(isolate);
 
+  ReadOnlyDeserializer read_only_deserializer(read_only_data_);
+  read_only_deserializer.SetRehashability(can_rehash());
+  read_only_deserializer.DeserializeInto(isolate);
   BuiltinDeserializer builtin_deserializer(isolate, builtin_data_);
 
   if (!DefaultDeserializerAllocator::ReserveSpace(this,
@@ -37,7 +41,6 @@ void StartupDeserializer::DeserializeInto(Isolate* isolate) {
   {
     DisallowHeapAllocation no_gc;
     isolate->heap()->IterateSmiRoots(this);
-    ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).Iterate(this);
     isolate->heap()->IterateStrongRoots(this, VISIT_ONLY_STRONG);
     isolate->heap()->RepairFreeListsAfterDeserialization();
     isolate->heap()->IterateWeakRoots(this, VISIT_FOR_SERIALIZATION);
@@ -74,7 +77,11 @@ void StartupDeserializer::DeserializeInto(Isolate* isolate) {
   // to display the builtin names.
   PrintDisassembledCodeObjects();
 
-  if (FLAG_rehash_snapshot && can_rehash()) RehashHeap();
+  if (FLAG_rehash_snapshot && can_rehash()) {
+    isolate->heap()->InitializeHashSeed();
+    read_only_deserializer.RehashHeap();
+    Rehash();
+  }
 }
 
 void StartupDeserializer::FlushICacheForNewIsolate() {
@@ -111,11 +118,5 @@ void StartupDeserializer::PrintDisassembledCodeObjects() {
 #endif
 }
 
-void StartupDeserializer::RehashHeap() {
-  DCHECK(FLAG_rehash_snapshot && can_rehash());
-  isolate()->heap()->InitializeHashSeed();
-  Rehash();
-}
-
 }  // namespace internal
 }  // namespace v8

src/snapshot/startup-deserializer.h

@@ -15,8 +15,11 @@ namespace internal {
 class StartupDeserializer final : public Deserializer<> {
  public:
   StartupDeserializer(const SnapshotData* startup_data,
-                      const BuiltinSnapshotData* builtin_data)
-      : Deserializer(startup_data, false), builtin_data_(builtin_data) {}
+                      const BuiltinSnapshotData* builtin_data,
+                      const SnapshotData* read_only_data)
+      : Deserializer(startup_data, false),
+        read_only_data_(read_only_data),
+        builtin_data_(builtin_data) {}
 
   // Deserialize the snapshot into an empty heap.
   void DeserializeInto(Isolate* isolate);
@@ -25,9 +28,7 @@ class StartupDeserializer final : public Deserializer<> {
   void FlushICacheForNewIsolate();
   void PrintDisassembledCodeObjects();
 
-  // Rehash after deserializing an isolate.
-  void RehashHeap();
-
+  const SnapshotData* read_only_data_;
   const BuiltinSnapshotData* builtin_data_;
 };
 

src/snapshot/startup-serializer.cc

@@ -8,13 +8,16 @@
 #include "src/code-tracer.h"
 #include "src/global-handles.h"
 #include "src/objects-inl.h"
+#include "src/snapshot/read-only-serializer.h"
 #include "src/v8threads.h"
 
 namespace v8 {
 namespace internal {
 
-StartupSerializer::StartupSerializer(Isolate* isolate)
-    : Serializer(isolate), can_be_rehashed_(true) {
+StartupSerializer::StartupSerializer(Isolate* isolate,
+                                     ReadOnlySerializer* read_only_serializer)
+    : RootsSerializer(isolate, RootIndex::kFirstStrongRoot),
+      read_only_serializer_(read_only_serializer) {
   InitializeCodeAddressMap();
 }
 
@@ -36,6 +39,9 @@ void StartupSerializer::SerializeObject(HeapObject* obj, HowToCode how_to_code,
   if (IsRootAndHasBeenSerialized(obj) &&
       SerializeRoot(obj, how_to_code, where_to_point, skip))
     return;
+  if (SerializeUsingReadOnlyObjectCache(&sink_, obj, how_to_code,
+                                        where_to_point, skip))
+    return;
   if (SerializeBackReference(obj, how_to_code, where_to_point, skip)) return;
 
   FlushSkip(skip);
@@ -71,6 +77,7 @@ void StartupSerializer::SerializeObject(HeapObject* obj, HowToCode how_to_code,
   CheckRehashability(obj);
 
   // Object has not yet been serialized.  Serialize it here.
+  DCHECK(!isolate()->heap()->read_only_space()->Contains(obj));
   ObjectSerializer object_serializer(this, obj, &sink_, how_to_code,
                                      where_to_point);
   object_serializer.Serialize();
@@ -87,22 +94,6 @@ void StartupSerializer::SerializeWeakReferencesAndDeferred() {
   Pad();
 }
 
-int StartupSerializer::PartialSnapshotCacheIndex(HeapObject* heap_object) {
-  int index;
-  if (!partial_cache_index_map_.LookupOrInsert(heap_object, &index)) {
-    // This object is not part of the partial snapshot cache yet. Add it to the
-    // startup snapshot so we can refer to it via partial snapshot index from
-    // the partial snapshot.
-    VisitRootPointer(Root::kPartialSnapshotCache, nullptr,
-                     reinterpret_cast<Object**>(&heap_object));
-  }
-  return index;
-}
-
-void StartupSerializer::Synchronize(VisitorSynchronization::SyncTag tag) {
-  sink_.Put(kSynchronize, "Synchronize");
-}
-
 void StartupSerializer::SerializeStrongReferences() {
   Isolate* isolate = this->isolate();
   // No active threads.
@@ -117,49 +108,9 @@ void StartupSerializer::SerializeStrongReferences() {
   isolate->heap()->IterateSmiRoots(this);
   isolate->heap()->SetStackLimits();
   // First visit immortal immovables to make sure they end up in the first page.
-  ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).Iterate(this);
   isolate->heap()->IterateStrongRoots(this, VISIT_FOR_SERIALIZATION);
 }
 
-void StartupSerializer::VisitRootPointers(Root root, const char* description,
-                                          Object** start, Object** end) {
-  if (start == isolate()->roots_array_start()) {
-    // Serializing the root list needs special handling:
-    // - Only root list elements that have been fully serialized can be
-    //   referenced using kRootArray bytecodes.
-    for (Object** current = start; current < end; current++) {
-      SerializeRootObject(*current);
-      size_t root_index = static_cast<size_t>(current - start);
-      root_has_been_serialized_.set(root_index);
-    }
-  } else {
-    Serializer::VisitRootPointers(root, description, start, end);
-  }
-}
-
-void StartupSerializer::CheckRehashability(HeapObject* obj) {
-  if (!can_be_rehashed_) return;
-  if (!obj->NeedsRehashing()) return;
-  if (obj->CanBeRehashed()) return;
-  can_be_rehashed_ = false;
-}
-
-bool StartupSerializer::MustBeDeferred(HeapObject* object) {
-  if (root_has_been_serialized(RootIndex::kFreeSpaceMap) &&
-      root_has_been_serialized(RootIndex::kOnePointerFillerMap) &&
-      root_has_been_serialized(RootIndex::kTwoPointerFillerMap)) {
-    // All required root objects are serialized, so any aligned objects can
-    // be saved without problems.
-    return false;
-  }
-  // Just defer everything except of Map objects until all required roots are
-  // serialized. Some objects may have special alignment requirements, that may
-  // not be fulfilled during deserialization until few first root objects are
-  // serialized. But we must serialize Map objects since deserializer checks
-  // that these root objects are indeed Maps.
-  return !object->IsMap();
-}
-
 SerializedHandleChecker::SerializedHandleChecker(
     Isolate* isolate, std::vector<Context*>* contexts)
     : isolate_(isolate) {
@@ -169,6 +120,24 @@ SerializedHandleChecker::SerializedHandleChecker(
   }
 }
 
+bool StartupSerializer::SerializeUsingReadOnlyObjectCache(
+    SnapshotByteSink* sink, HeapObject* obj, HowToCode how_to_code,
+    WhereToPoint where_to_point, int skip) {
+  return read_only_serializer_->SerializeUsingReadOnlyObjectCache(
+      sink, obj, how_to_code, where_to_point, skip);
+}
+
+void StartupSerializer::SerializeUsingPartialSnapshotCache(
+    SnapshotByteSink* sink, HeapObject* obj, HowToCode how_to_code,
+    WhereToPoint where_to_point, int skip) {
+  FlushSkip(sink, skip);
+
+  int cache_index = SerializeInObjectCache(obj);
+  sink->Put(kPartialSnapshotCache + how_to_code + where_to_point,
+            "PartialSnapshotCache");
+  sink->PutInt(cache_index, "partial_snapshot_cache_index");
+}
+
 void SerializedHandleChecker::AddToSet(FixedArray* serialized) {
   int length = serialized->length();
   for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) serialized_.insert(serialized->get(i));

src/snapshot/startup-serializer.h

@@ -5,16 +5,20 @@
 #ifndef V8_SNAPSHOT_STARTUP_SERIALIZER_H_
 #define V8_SNAPSHOT_STARTUP_SERIALIZER_H_
 
-#include <bitset>
-#include "include/v8.h"
-#include "src/snapshot/serializer.h"
+#include <unordered_set>
+
+#include "src/snapshot/roots-serializer.h"
 
 namespace v8 {
 namespace internal {
 
-class StartupSerializer : public Serializer<> {
+class HeapObject;
+class SnapshotByteSink;
+class ReadOnlySerializer;
+
+class StartupSerializer : public RootsSerializer {
  public:
-  explicit StartupSerializer(Isolate* isolate);
+  StartupSerializer(Isolate* isolate, ReadOnlySerializer* read_only_serializer);
   ~StartupSerializer() override;
 
   // Serialize the current state of the heap.  The order is:
@@ -25,63 +29,29 @@ class StartupSerializer : public Serializer<> {
   void SerializeStrongReferences();
   void SerializeWeakReferencesAndDeferred();
 
-  int PartialSnapshotCacheIndex(HeapObject* o);
-
-  bool can_be_rehashed() const { return can_be_rehashed_; }
-  bool root_has_been_serialized(RootIndex root_index) const {
-    return root_has_been_serialized_.test(static_cast<size_t>(root_index));
-  }
-
-  bool IsRootAndHasBeenSerialized(HeapObject* obj) const {
-    RootIndex root_index;
-    return root_index_map()->Lookup(obj, &root_index) &&
-           root_has_been_serialized(root_index);
-  }
+  // If |obj| can be serialized in the read-only snapshot then add it to the
+  // read-only object cache if not already present and emits a
+  // ReadOnlyObjectCache bytecode into |sink|. Returns whether this was
+  // successful.
+  bool SerializeUsingReadOnlyObjectCache(SnapshotByteSink* sink,
+                                         HeapObject* obj, HowToCode how_to_code,
+                                         WhereToPoint where_to_point, int skip);
+
+  // Adds |obj| to the partial snapshot object cache if not already present and
+  // emits a PartialSnapshotCache bytecode into |sink|.
+  void SerializeUsingPartialSnapshotCache(SnapshotByteSink* sink,
+                                          HeapObject* obj,
+                                          HowToCode how_to_code,
+                                          WhereToPoint where_to_point,
+                                          int skip);
 
  private:
-  class PartialCacheIndexMap {
-   public:
-    PartialCacheIndexMap() : map_(), next_index_(0) {}
-
-    // Lookup object in the map. Return its index if found, or create
-    // a new entry with new_index as value, and return kInvalidIndex.
-    bool LookupOrInsert(HeapObject* obj, int* index_out) {
-      Maybe<uint32_t> maybe_index = map_.Get(obj);
-      if (maybe_index.IsJust()) {
-        *index_out = maybe_index.FromJust();
-        return true;
-      }
-      *index_out = next_index_;
-      map_.Set(obj, next_index_++);
-      return false;
-    }
-
-   private:
-    DISALLOW_HEAP_ALLOCATION(no_allocation_);
-    HeapObjectToIndexHashMap map_;
-    int next_index_;
-
-    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(PartialCacheIndexMap);
-  };
-
-  // The StartupSerializer has to serialize the root array, which is slightly
-  // different.
-  void VisitRootPointers(Root root, const char* description, Object** start,
-                         Object** end) override;
   void SerializeObject(HeapObject* o, HowToCode how_to_code,
                        WhereToPoint where_to_point, int skip) override;
-  void Synchronize(VisitorSynchronization::SyncTag tag) override;
-  bool MustBeDeferred(HeapObject* object) override;
-
-  void CheckRehashability(HeapObject* obj);
 
-  std::bitset<RootsTable::kEntriesCount> root_has_been_serialized_;
-  PartialCacheIndexMap partial_cache_index_map_;
+  ReadOnlySerializer* read_only_serializer_;
   std::vector<AccessorInfo*> accessor_infos_;
   std::vector<CallHandlerInfo*> call_handler_infos_;
-  // Indicates whether we only serialized hash tables that we can rehash.
-  // TODO(yangguo): generalize rehashing, and remove this flag.
-  bool can_be_rehashed_;
 
   DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(StartupSerializer);
 };

src/visitors.h

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ class Object;
   V(kExtensions, "(Extensions)")                       \
   V(kCodeFlusher, "(Code flusher)")                    \
   V(kPartialSnapshotCache, "(Partial snapshot cache)") \
+  V(kReadOnlyObjectCache, "(Read-only object cache)")  \
   V(kWeakCollections, "(Weak collections)")            \
   V(kWrapperTracing, "(Wrapper tracing)")              \
   V(kUnknown, "(Unknown)")

test/cctest/test-serialize.cc

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
 #include "src/snapshot/natives.h"
 #include "src/snapshot/partial-deserializer.h"
 #include "src/snapshot/partial-serializer.h"
+#include "src/snapshot/read-only-serializer.h"
 #include "src/snapshot/snapshot.h"
 #include "src/snapshot/startup-deserializer.h"
 #include "src/snapshot/startup-serializer.h"
@@ -129,15 +130,17 @@ static Vector<const byte> WritePayload(const Vector<const byte>& payload) {
   return Vector<const byte>(const_cast<const byte*>(blob), length);
 }
 
-// A convenience struct to simplify management of the two blobs required to
+// A convenience struct to simplify management of the blobs required to
 // deserialize an isolate.
 struct StartupBlobs {
   Vector<const byte> startup;
   Vector<const byte> builtin;
+  Vector<const byte> read_only;
 
   void Dispose() {
     startup.Dispose();
     builtin.Dispose();
+    read_only.Dispose();
   }
 };
 
@@ -237,17 +240,24 @@ static StartupBlobs Serialize(v8::Isolate* isolate) {
   Isolate* internal_isolate = reinterpret_cast<Isolate*>(isolate);
   internal_isolate->heap()->CollectAllAvailableGarbage(
       i::GarbageCollectionReason::kTesting);
-  StartupSerializer ser(internal_isolate);
+
+  ReadOnlySerializer read_only_serializer(internal_isolate);
+  read_only_serializer.SerializeReadOnlyRoots();
+
+  StartupSerializer ser(internal_isolate, &read_only_serializer);
   ser.SerializeStrongReferences();
 
   i::BuiltinSerializer builtin_serializer(internal_isolate, &ser);
   builtin_serializer.SerializeBuiltinsAndHandlers();
 
   ser.SerializeWeakReferencesAndDeferred();
+  read_only_serializer.FinalizeSerialization();
   SnapshotData startup_snapshot(&ser);
+  SnapshotData read_only_snapshot(&read_only_serializer);
   BuiltinSnapshotData builtin_snapshot(&builtin_serializer);
   return {WritePayload(startup_snapshot.RawData()),
-          WritePayload(builtin_snapshot.RawData())};
+          WritePayload(builtin_snapshot.RawData()),
+          WritePayload(read_only_snapshot.RawData())};
 }
 
 
@@ -271,8 +281,10 @@ v8::Isolate* InitializeFromBlob(StartupBlobs& blobs) {
   v8::Isolate* v8_isolate = nullptr;
   {
     SnapshotData startup_snapshot(blobs.startup);
+    SnapshotData read_only_snapshot(blobs.read_only);
     BuiltinSnapshotData builtin_snapshot(blobs.builtin);
-    StartupDeserializer deserializer(&startup_snapshot, &builtin_snapshot);
+    StartupDeserializer deserializer(&startup_snapshot, &builtin_snapshot,
+                                     &read_only_snapshot);
     const bool kEnableSerializer = false;
     const bool kGenerateHeap = false;
     TestIsolate* isolate = new TestIsolate(kEnableSerializer, kGenerateHeap);
@@ -484,6 +496,7 @@ UNINITIALIZED_TEST(StartupSerializerTwiceRunScript) {
 
 static void PartiallySerializeContext(Vector<const byte>* startup_blob_out,
                                       Vector<const byte>* builtin_blob_out,
+                                      Vector<const byte>* read_only_blob_out,
                                       Vector<const byte>* partial_blob_out) {
   v8::Isolate* v8_isolate = TestIsolate::NewInitialized();
   Isolate* isolate = reinterpret_cast<Isolate*>(v8_isolate);
@@ -515,8 +528,12 @@ static void PartiallySerializeContext(Vector<const byte>* startup_blob_out,
 
     env.Reset();
 
+    SnapshotByteSink read_only_sink;
+    ReadOnlySerializer read_only_serializer(isolate);
+    read_only_serializer.SerializeReadOnlyRoots();
+
     SnapshotByteSink startup_sink;
-    StartupSerializer startup_serializer(isolate);
+    StartupSerializer startup_serializer(isolate, &read_only_serializer);
     startup_serializer.SerializeStrongReferences();
 
     SnapshotByteSink partial_sink;
@@ -529,6 +546,9 @@ static void PartiallySerializeContext(Vector<const byte>* startup_blob_out,
 
     startup_serializer.SerializeWeakReferencesAndDeferred();
 
+    read_only_serializer.FinalizeSerialization();
+
+    SnapshotData read_only_snapshot(&read_only_serializer);
     SnapshotData startup_snapshot(&startup_serializer);
     BuiltinSnapshotData builtin_snapshot(&builtin_serializer);
     SnapshotData partial_snapshot(&partial_serializer);
@@ -536,6 +556,7 @@ static void PartiallySerializeContext(Vector<const byte>* startup_blob_out,
     *partial_blob_out = WritePayload(partial_snapshot.RawData());
     *builtin_blob_out = WritePayload(builtin_snapshot.RawData());
     *startup_blob_out = WritePayload(startup_snapshot.RawData());
+    *read_only_blob_out = WritePayload(read_only_snapshot.RawData());
   }
   v8_isolate->Dispose();
 }
@@ -545,10 +566,12 @@ UNINITIALIZED_TEST(PartialSerializerContext) {
   DisableAlwaysOpt();
   Vector<const byte> startup_blob;
   Vector<const byte> builtin_blob;
+  Vector<const byte> read_only_blob;
   Vector<const byte> partial_blob;
-  PartiallySerializeContext(&startup_blob, &builtin_blob, &partial_blob);
+  PartiallySerializeContext(&startup_blob, &builtin_blob, &read_only_blob,
+                            &partial_blob);
 
-  StartupBlobs blobs = {startup_blob, builtin_blob};
+  StartupBlobs blobs = {startup_blob, builtin_blob, read_only_blob};
   v8::Isolate* v8_isolate = InitializeFromBlob(blobs);
   CHECK(v8_isolate);
   {
@@ -588,6 +611,7 @@ UNINITIALIZED_TEST(PartialSerializerContext) {
 
 static void PartiallySerializeCustomContext(
     Vector<const byte>* startup_blob_out, Vector<const byte>* builtin_blob_out,
+    Vector<const byte>* read_only_blob_out,
     Vector<const byte>* partial_blob_out) {
   v8::Isolate* v8_isolate = TestIsolate::NewInitialized();
   Isolate* isolate = reinterpret_cast<Isolate*>(v8_isolate);
@@ -639,8 +663,12 @@ static void PartiallySerializeCustomContext(
 
     env.Reset();
 
+    SnapshotByteSink read_only_sink;
+    ReadOnlySerializer read_only_serializer(isolate);
+    read_only_serializer.SerializeReadOnlyRoots();
+
     SnapshotByteSink startup_sink;
-    StartupSerializer startup_serializer(isolate);
+    StartupSerializer startup_serializer(isolate, &read_only_serializer);
     startup_serializer.SerializeStrongReferences();
 
     SnapshotByteSink partial_sink;
@@ -653,6 +681,9 @@ static void PartiallySerializeCustomContext(
 
     startup_serializer.SerializeWeakReferencesAndDeferred();
 
+    read_only_serializer.FinalizeSerialization();
+
+    SnapshotData read_only_snapshot(&read_only_serializer);
     SnapshotData startup_snapshot(&startup_serializer);
     BuiltinSnapshotData builtin_snapshot(&builtin_serializer);
     SnapshotData partial_snapshot(&partial_serializer);
@@ -660,6 +691,7 @@ static void PartiallySerializeCustomContext(
     *partial_blob_out = WritePayload(partial_snapshot.RawData());
     *builtin_blob_out = WritePayload(builtin_snapshot.RawData());
     *startup_blob_out = WritePayload(startup_snapshot.RawData());
+    *read_only_blob_out = WritePayload(read_only_snapshot.RawData());
   }
   v8_isolate->Dispose();
 }
@@ -669,10 +701,12 @@ UNINITIALIZED_TEST(PartialSerializerCustomContext) {
   DisableAlwaysOpt();
   Vector<const byte> startup_blob;
   Vector<const byte> builtin_blob;
+  Vector<const byte> read_only_blob;
   Vector<const byte> partial_blob;
-  PartiallySerializeCustomContext(&startup_blob, &builtin_blob, &partial_blob);
+  PartiallySerializeCustomContext(&startup_blob, &builtin_blob, &read_only_blob,
+                                  &partial_blob);
 
-  StartupBlobs blobs = {startup_blob, builtin_blob};
+  StartupBlobs blobs = {startup_blob, builtin_blob, read_only_blob};
   v8::Isolate* v8_isolate = InitializeFromBlob(blobs);
   CHECK(v8_isolate);
   {