/* * qt-faststart.c, v0.2 * by Mike Melanson (melanson@pcisys.net) * This file is placed in the public domain. Use the program however you * see fit. * * This utility rearranges a Quicktime file such that the moov atom * is in front of the data, thus facilitating network streaming. * * To compile this program, start from the base directory from which you * are building FFmpeg and type: * make tools/qt-faststart * The qt-faststart program will be built in the tools/ directory. If you * do not build the program in this manner, correct results are not * guaranteed, particularly on 64-bit platforms. * Invoke the program with: * qt-faststart <infile.mov> <outfile.mov> * * Notes: Quicktime files can come in many configurations of top-level * atoms. This utility stipulates that the very last atom in the file needs * to be a moov atom. When given such a file, this utility will rearrange * the top-level atoms by shifting the moov atom from the back of the file * to the front, and patch the chunk offsets along the way. This utility * presently only operates on uncompressed moov atoms. */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <inttypes.h> #include <string.h> #ifdef __MINGW32__ #define fseeko(x, y, z) fseeko64(x, y, z) #define ftello(x) ftello64(x) #elif defined(_WIN32) #define fseeko(x, y, z) _fseeki64(x, y, z) #define ftello(x) _ftelli64(x) #endif #define MIN(a,b) ((a) > (b) ? (b) : (a)) #define BE_16(x) ((((uint8_t*)(x))[0] << 8) | ((uint8_t*)(x))[1]) #define BE_32(x) (((uint32_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[0]) << 24) | \ (((uint8_t*)(x))[1] << 16) | \ (((uint8_t*)(x))[2] << 8) | \ ((uint8_t*)(x))[3]) #define BE_64(x) (((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[0]) << 56) | \ ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[1]) << 48) | \ ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[2]) << 40) | \ ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[3]) << 32) | \ ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[4]) << 24) | \ ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[5]) << 16) | \ ((uint64_t)(((uint8_t*)(x))[6]) << 8) | \ ((uint64_t)( (uint8_t*)(x))[7])) #define BE_FOURCC(ch0, ch1, ch2, ch3) \ ( (uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch3) | \ ((uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch2) << 8) | \ ((uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch1) << 16) | \ ((uint32_t)(unsigned char)(ch0) << 24) ) #define QT_ATOM BE_FOURCC /* top level atoms */ #define FREE_ATOM QT_ATOM('f', 'r', 'e', 'e') #define JUNK_ATOM QT_ATOM('j', 'u', 'n', 'k') #define MDAT_ATOM QT_ATOM('m', 'd', 'a', 't') #define MOOV_ATOM QT_ATOM('m', 'o', 'o', 'v') #define PNOT_ATOM QT_ATOM('p', 'n', 'o', 't') #define SKIP_ATOM QT_ATOM('s', 'k', 'i', 'p') #define WIDE_ATOM QT_ATOM('w', 'i', 'd', 'e') #define PICT_ATOM QT_ATOM('P', 'I', 'C', 'T') #define FTYP_ATOM QT_ATOM('f', 't', 'y', 'p') #define UUID_ATOM QT_ATOM('u', 'u', 'i', 'd') #define CMOV_ATOM QT_ATOM('c', 'm', 'o', 'v') #define STCO_ATOM QT_ATOM('s', 't', 'c', 'o') #define CO64_ATOM QT_ATOM('c', 'o', '6', '4') #define ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE 8 #define COPY_BUFFER_SIZE 33554432 int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { FILE *infile = NULL; FILE *outfile = NULL; unsigned char atom_bytes[ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE]; uint32_t atom_type = 0; uint64_t atom_size = 0; uint64_t atom_offset = 0; int64_t last_offset; unsigned char *moov_atom = NULL; unsigned char *ftyp_atom = NULL; uint64_t moov_atom_size; uint64_t ftyp_atom_size = 0; uint64_t i, j; uint32_t offset_count; uint64_t current_offset; int64_t start_offset = 0; unsigned char *copy_buffer = NULL; int bytes_to_copy; if (argc != 3) { printf("Usage: qt-faststart <infile.mov> <outfile.mov>\n" "Note: alternatively you can use -movflags +faststart in ffmpeg\n"); return 0; } if (!strcmp(argv[1], argv[2])) { fprintf(stderr, "input and output files need to be different\n"); return 1; } infile = fopen(argv[1], "rb"); if (!infile) { perror(argv[1]); goto error_out; } /* traverse through the atoms in the file to make sure that 'moov' is * at the end */ while (!feof(infile)) { if (fread(atom_bytes, ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, 1, infile) != 1) { break; } atom_size = BE_32(&atom_bytes[0]); atom_type = BE_32(&atom_bytes[4]); /* keep ftyp atom */ if (atom_type == FTYP_ATOM) { ftyp_atom_size = atom_size; free(ftyp_atom); ftyp_atom = malloc(ftyp_atom_size); if (!ftyp_atom) { printf("could not allocate %"PRIu64" bytes for ftyp atom\n", atom_size); goto error_out; } if (fseeko(infile, -ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, SEEK_CUR) || fread(ftyp_atom, atom_size, 1, infile) != 1 || (start_offset = ftello(infile)) < 0) { perror(argv[1]); goto error_out; } } else { int ret; /* 64-bit special case */ if (atom_size == 1) { if (fread(atom_bytes, ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, 1, infile) != 1) { break; } atom_size = BE_64(&atom_bytes[0]); ret = fseeko(infile, atom_size - ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE * 2, SEEK_CUR); } else { ret = fseeko(infile, atom_size - ATOM_PREAMBLE_SIZE, SEEK_CUR); } if (ret) { perror(argv[1]); goto error_out; } } printf("%c%c%c%c %10"PRIu64" %"PRIu64"\n", (atom_type >> 24) & 255, (atom_type >> 16) & 255, (atom_type >> 8) & 255, (atom_type >> 0) & 255, atom_offset, atom_size); if ((atom_type != FREE_ATOM) && (atom_type != JUNK_ATOM) && (atom_type != MDAT_ATOM) && (atom_type != MOOV_ATOM) && (atom_type != PNOT_ATOM) && (atom_type != SKIP_ATOM) && (atom_type != WIDE_ATOM) && (atom_type != PICT_ATOM) && (atom_type != UUID_ATOM) && (atom_type != FTYP_ATOM)) { printf("encountered non-QT top-level atom (is this a QuickTime file?)\n"); break; } atom_offset += atom_size; /* The atom header is 8 (or 16 bytes), if the atom size (which * includes these 8 or 16 bytes) is less than that, we won't be * able to continue scanning sensibly after this atom, so break. */ if (atom_size < 8) break; } if (atom_type != MOOV_ATOM) { printf("last atom in file was not a moov atom\n"); free(ftyp_atom); fclose(infile); return 0; } /* moov atom was, in fact, the last atom in the chunk; load the whole * moov atom */ if (fseeko(infile, -atom_size, SEEK_END)) { perror(argv[1]); goto error_out; } last_offset = ftello(infile); if (last_offset < 0) { perror(argv[1]); goto error_out; } moov_atom_size = atom_size; moov_atom = malloc(moov_atom_size); if (!moov_atom) { printf("could not allocate %"PRIu64" bytes for moov atom\n", atom_size); goto error_out; } if (fread(moov_atom, atom_size, 1, infile) != 1) { perror(argv[1]); goto error_out; } /* this utility does not support compressed atoms yet, so disqualify * files with compressed QT atoms */ if (BE_32(&moov_atom[12]) == CMOV_ATOM) { printf("this utility does not support compressed moov atoms yet\n"); goto error_out; } /* close; will be re-opened later */ fclose(infile); infile = NULL; /* crawl through the moov chunk in search of stco or co64 atoms */ for (i = 4; i < moov_atom_size - 4; i++) { atom_type = BE_32(&moov_atom[i]); if (atom_type == STCO_ATOM) { printf(" patching stco atom...\n"); atom_size = BE_32(&moov_atom[i - 4]); if (i + atom_size - 4 > moov_atom_size) { printf(" bad atom size\n"); goto error_out; } offset_count = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 8]); if (i + 12 + offset_count * UINT64_C(4) > moov_atom_size) { printf(" bad atom size/element count\n"); goto error_out; } for (j = 0; j < offset_count; j++) { current_offset = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4]); current_offset += moov_atom_size; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 0] = (current_offset >> 24) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 1] = (current_offset >> 16) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 2] = (current_offset >> 8) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 4 + 3] = (current_offset >> 0) & 0xFF; } i += atom_size - 4; } else if (atom_type == CO64_ATOM) { printf(" patching co64 atom...\n"); atom_size = BE_32(&moov_atom[i - 4]); if (i + atom_size - 4 > moov_atom_size) { printf(" bad atom size\n"); goto error_out; } offset_count = BE_32(&moov_atom[i + 8]); if (i + 12 + offset_count * UINT64_C(8) > moov_atom_size) { printf(" bad atom size/element count\n"); goto error_out; } for (j = 0; j < offset_count; j++) { current_offset = BE_64(&moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8]); current_offset += moov_atom_size; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 0] = (current_offset >> 56) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 1] = (current_offset >> 48) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 2] = (current_offset >> 40) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 3] = (current_offset >> 32) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 4] = (current_offset >> 24) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 5] = (current_offset >> 16) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 6] = (current_offset >> 8) & 0xFF; moov_atom[i + 12 + j * 8 + 7] = (current_offset >> 0) & 0xFF; } i += atom_size - 4; } } /* re-open the input file and open the output file */ infile = fopen(argv[1], "rb"); if (!infile) { perror(argv[1]); goto error_out; } if (start_offset > 0) { /* seek after ftyp atom */ if (fseeko(infile, start_offset, SEEK_SET)) { perror(argv[1]); goto error_out; } last_offset -= start_offset; } outfile = fopen(argv[2], "wb"); if (!outfile) { perror(argv[2]); goto error_out; } /* dump the same ftyp atom */ if (ftyp_atom_size > 0) { printf(" writing ftyp atom...\n"); if (fwrite(ftyp_atom, ftyp_atom_size, 1, outfile) != 1) { perror(argv[2]); goto error_out; } } /* dump the new moov atom */ printf(" writing moov atom...\n"); if (fwrite(moov_atom, moov_atom_size, 1, outfile) != 1) { perror(argv[2]); goto error_out; } /* copy the remainder of the infile, from offset 0 -> last_offset - 1 */ bytes_to_copy = MIN(COPY_BUFFER_SIZE, last_offset); copy_buffer = malloc(bytes_to_copy); if (!copy_buffer) { printf("could not allocate %d bytes for copy_buffer\n", bytes_to_copy); goto error_out; } printf(" copying rest of file...\n"); while (last_offset) { bytes_to_copy = MIN(bytes_to_copy, last_offset); if (fread(copy_buffer, bytes_to_copy, 1, infile) != 1) { perror(argv[1]); goto error_out; } if (fwrite(copy_buffer, bytes_to_copy, 1, outfile) != 1) { perror(argv[2]); goto error_out; } last_offset -= bytes_to_copy; } fclose(infile); fclose(outfile); free(moov_atom); free(ftyp_atom); free(copy_buffer); return 0; error_out: if (infile) fclose(infile); if (outfile) fclose(outfile); free(moov_atom); free(ftyp_atom); free(copy_buffer); return 1; }